【我也来听写】Zarina听力要突破~（第一阶段已完，进入第二阶段）

zarina1990UID: 2968274

83
Ok, as you look at this next exhibit, you will noticesomething quite common, an ordinary borrowed(bar of) soap, now soaphas been around a long time. In fact, the ancient F(Phoenicians) produces soap as a substancefor washing the body way back in 6 hundred B.C. They made it by blendinggolds fact（goat's fat) with wood ash. The F（Phoenicians）, as you may know, regularly traded it（去掉） alongthe Mediterranean. And they were the ones who introduced soap to Greeks andRomans. Now, soap was not something welcomed by all countries. In fact, during thesuperstitious Middle Ages, many people were afraid to bathe their whole body toofrequently. They thought it could be dangerous for their health. That could evenkill them. And even after the production of soap became common in some European
countries in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Even then, some people in theheart of European(Europe) refused to use it. You found(will find) it interesting that when the Dutch(a duchess)was given a box of soap as the(a） present in 1549, she was so insulted that shehad the gift giver through an offer real estate（thrown off her estate). But by the 19 century, the attitudetoward soap had changed drastically. In some regions of European(Europe), the tax onthe soap was so high that people secretly made their own. Aberrance(A baron)went so faras to suggest that the wealth of the（a) nation could be judged according to the amountof soap it used. Now, if you turn your attention to the next exhibit, you cansee how soap is manufacturing(ed) today.




1. phoenician 腓尼基人
2. blend 混合
3. superstitious 迷信的
4. bathe 沐浴
5. duchess 公爵夫人
6. baron 男爵



本篇难度一般，有一些难词，duchess,baron这些没有接触过。主要讲述了soap的历史。开始人们对于soap的态度是负面的，很afraid，duchess 接受到了这个作为present 还会觉得insulted。但是之后态度有了转变，成了wealth of a nation的评判标准。

zarina1990UID: 2968274

84
The winest(winds) of the(a) tornado are the mostviolent and distractive（destructive) ones on earth. Any of you (+who)have seen one knows very well how frighteningand powerful they are. What’s interesting about semisis(them is that） scientists all nationally（don't actually)know is(去掉）exactly why tornadoes occur. We do know however what happens when tornadoesare formed. As you remember, a front occurs when cool dry air from the northmeets warm humidity(humid) air coming from the sorth from the Gulf of Mexico fortornadoes in the United States. For(Where) these air masses meet a naral of(a narrow zone of) storm cloudsdevelops(,) and thunderstorms and sometimes tornados(,) occur. How is this violent weatherproduced? Well, a mass of warm humid air rises very rapidly. As it rises, more warmair rushes in to replace it. This inrushing air also rises, and in some cases,especially when there is extreme semal（thermal) instability begins to rotate. When thishappens, the rotating air forms a tornado. Even if you have only（去掉） seen tornados（+only） in movies;you know that they can demolish buildings than（in) seconds. This is possible becausewhen a tornado passes over a house. It’s sacks pair(sucks up air) from around the house, and sothe air pressure outside of(去掉） the house drops rapidly. Inside pressure remainsthe same. So air pressure inside is greater than air pressure outside.The result is that the building explodes outwards. Next, we will talk a littlebit about how new technological developments are being used to try to predicttornadoes.




1. 文章里的tornado的pl.全部写成了tornados, 现在全部更正为tornadoes.不再用红色标出了，直接改在了原文上。
2. thunderstorms 雷雨
3. inrushing 大批涌进的
4. suck up 吮吸

5. demolish 破坏



6. What’s interesting about semisis(them is that） scientists all nationally（don't actually)know is(去掉）exactly why tornadoes occur.
7. For(Where) these air masses meet a naral of(a narrow zone of) storm cloudsdevelops(,) and thunderstorms and sometimes tornados(,) occur.



本篇较难，上面两句话真的听得很吃力，只能听出来词，可是完全没有句感。
最近放松了练习，我觉得自己的听力能力没有太好的提高，还属于量的积累过程中。

zarina1990UID: 2968274

85
1.
You will recall that in last week’sclass I talked about how the sound made by most animals, though sometimescomplex, are different from human language. Only in humans do these songsrepresent objects and events. Keep in mind that most animals can only repeattheir limited other reseae(utterances)over and over again. While humans can see(say)things that have never been said before. Today I want to focus on humanlanguage and how it developed. I doubt you will be surprised when I say thatthe evolution of language was slow and laborious. There is some reliable evidencethat the language begin（began） with early humans in(去掉) a million and（+a）half years ago. Through the studyof the size and shape of the brain fossils, scientists have determined thatearly human brains, like modern brains, have(had)a left hemisphere lightly larger than the right hemisphere. We know that inmodern humans, the left hemisphere is the site(seat)of language. We also know that early human brains had a well-developed frontalsection, known as the brokes(Broca’s) area,which coordinates the muscles of the mouth and throat. It’s clear(+,then,) that early humans had (+a)speech apprentice(apparatus).They can produce any sound that we can. What we don’t know is whether earlyhumans used what they had. Since scholars know virtually nothing about prehistoricspeech patterns, or（all） they can do（+is） speculate about how language actually originated. Let me give you a briefsummary of sound in this series(some of thesetheories).

1.
Utterance
发音、说话

2.
Laborious
费力的、艰辛的

3.
Apparatus 仪器、设备、器械



本篇难度适中，主要讲述了human beings 的 language development.语言进化的非常slow and laborious。证据表明，early humans 其实和现在人的brain structure 是similar的。左脑slightly bigger than the right brain（有语言区）并且还有well-developed frontal section来coordinatemuscles of mouth and throat（说话用）,但是scholars其实迷茫他们不知道是否early humans使用这些，他们仅仅在speculate 语言的sources.

zarina1990UID: 2968274

86
At last month('s) meeting, you asked me to draw(+up)a report about the possibility of keeping the student center open 24 hours aday. I decided (+that)the best way to assess the need for expended hours was to talkto the people who were still in the student center crossing(at closing) time. First, overthe course of the two weeks, I interviewed more than 50 students as they leftthe student center at their(its) regular closing time of 12 midnight. About 80percent of them said they would prefer that the center still opens(stay open) later. Of thethree main uses of the center, eating in the snack bar, recreation in the gameroom or watching TV, and studying. By far, the most popular late-night activityis, and this may surprise you, studying. Almost all of the people I talked tosaid that their main reason for being in the center after 10 p.m. was to studyin groups, or to find a quiet place to study because their dorm was too noisy. Ofcourse, many of these people used the snack bar or TV rooms for breaks. Myrecommendation is that we ask the administration to keep the center open aftermidnight for studying. The recreation room and stack bar can still close at theusual time. They should meet the objection that it costs too much to step(staff) the centerfrom midnight to 8 a.m, which I am sure will be the first response.




1. staff 供给职员


本篇比较简单，讲述了的对于是否要extend the operation time of student center. 作者根据interview 了解到有这个需求。并且了解到在三个functions中，最吸引人的是studying。所以建议student center可以keep open after midnight for studying. 同时，作者也说道了遇到的阻力，第一个response from the administration 或许就是the objection that it costs too much to staff the center.

zarina1990UID: 2968274

87
These days, wetake for granted the wide variety of music available on the radio, but thiswasn’t always the case. In the early days of radio, stations were capable ofbroadcasting only a narrow range of sounds, which was all right for the human’svoice, but music didn’t sound very good. There was also a great deal of cracklingand other status of (static) noises.They (that) further interfere(d) with quality of(+the)sound. A man named A.S (Edwin Armstrong,之后不再做修改), who was a music lover,set out to change these（this）,(.He) invented FM radio, a technology that allows(d) stations to send a broad range of frequencies thatgreatly improve(d) the quality of the music. Nowyou(‘d) think that this would have made him amillionaire, yet it didn’t. Radio stations at that time had invested enormousamounts of money in the old technology. So the last thing they wanted was toinvest millions more in the new technology, nor did they want to have tocompete with other radio stations that had (+a)superior sound and could put them out of the(去掉) business. So they pressure(d) the Federal Communication Commission, thedepartment of the United States government that regulates radio stations, toput restrictive regulations on FM radio. The result was that its use waslimited to a very small area around New England. Of course, as we all know, A.S’sFM technology eventually previewed (prevailed)and was adopted by thousands of stations around the world. But it (this) took years of quarter(court)battles and he never saw how it came to affect (+the)lives of almost everyone.


1.
Static 静电的
2.
Crackling 爆裂声
3.
Prevail 流行、盛行


本篇较为简单，但是我在细节处犯得错误过多，在时态以及the、a用法上都问题。主要讲述了现在我们习以为常的FM的诞生，和他的发明者。开始由于大量的investment都在old technology上所以政府并不support this kind of new technology，但是之后通过years of courtbattles，它变得prevailed 了，但是它的发明者没有等到这一天了。

zarina1990UID: 2968274

88
I am going to talk about the (a) train that exemplifies the rise and fouls（fall）of the（去掉）
passenger trains in the United States, the twentiethcentury limited. Let me go back just a bit. In 1893, the（a）special train was established to takepeople from New York to an exhibition(exposition) in Chicago. It was so successful thatregular service was then set up between these cities. Innogue(The inaugural) trip of the twentieth century limitedwas made in 1902. The train was different from what anyone had ever seenbefore. It was pulled by a steam engine and had five cars, two slippers（sleepers）, a dining car, an observation car and abaggage car, which believe it or not, contained a library. The 42 passengersthe train could carry were waited on by a large staff. There were evensecretaries and a barber on board. It wasn’t long before people had to wait twoyears to get a reservation. As time passed, technical improvements shortenedthe trip by a few hours. Perhaps, the biggest technological change occurred in1945, the switch from stream to dizzle（diesel）engines. By the 1960s, people weretravelling by car and airplane. Unfortunately, the great old train didn’tsurvive until the end of the century it was named for.

1.
Exemplify 例证
2.
Exposition 展览会、博览会=exhibition
3.
Inaugural 最早的，开始的
4.
Sleeper 卧铺
5.
Wait on 服饰、招待
6.
Diesel 柴油机
7.
Barber 理发师
本篇较为简单，句型比较简单，还是有一些单词没有太好的掌握。主要讲述了早期的trains以及发展变化。

zarina1990UID: 2968274

89
I understand your professor has beendiscussing several eastern woodland Indian tribes in your study of NativeAmerica cultures. As you have probably learned, the eastern woodland Indiansget their name from the forest covered areas of the eastern United States wherethey lived. The earliest woodland cultures date back 9 thousand years. But thegroup（+we) will focus on dates back only to about 7 hundred A.D. We now called thesenative Americans the Mississippi(Mississippian) culture because they settled in theMississippi River valley. This obligation(civilization) is known for its flat top(flat-topped) monument(s)called temple mouth(mounds). They were made of earth and used as temple and officialresidences. The temple mouth(mounds) was(were) located in the central square of the city witha hugs (the huts) of the town’s people(townspeople)
building roads(built in rows) around the plaza. The Mississippi(Mississippian)people were city dwellers. But some city residents are in(earned)
their living asfarmers tending the fields of corns, beans and squash that surrounded the city.The city’s artisans made iron heads(arrowheads）, leather goods part in（，pottery and) Jewelry. Traderscame from far away to exchange romanterreals(raw materials) for these items. In the slides of them(I'm)about to show, you will see models of (+a) Mississippi in
(Mississippian)

city.  




1. woodland 林地
2.flat-topped 平顶的
3. monument 纪念碑
4. mound  坟墩
5. hut  小屋
6. townspeople 市民
7. squash 南瓜
8. artisan 工匠

9. arrowhead 箭头

本篇难度中等，但是小词多，拼错了非常多。civilization这种词也居然没有听出来。有一些句式把握的不好，主要讲了native Americans the Mississippian culture。

zarina1990UID: 2968274

90

As doctor Miller mentioned, we try（are trying) to recruit volunteers for the hockmountain century(Hawk Mountain Sanctuary). But before I get into the details of the volunteer program, I('d)just like to tell you a little about what we do there. One of our main jobs isto keep detailed records of the migration patterns of raptors. For those of youwho don’t know, raptors are birds of prey like hocks（hawks）and eagles. Between Augustand December, we see around 20 different species migrating from Canadaand(+New) England, about 20 thousand birds. Part of what attracts them to hock(Hawk)mountain is the location on the east range(Ridge) of the Everlatry(Appalachian) Mountains. Whathappens is that the sun warms the range(ridge) in such a way that air currents areformed. The birds just are(去掉）sort of gland（glide) along on the air, so they use up verylittle energy. As volunteers, you’ll be helping as（us） keep accurate counts of theraptors. Any drop in number could mean something （has)gone wrong in the environmentbecause of pests, sort of(pesticides or)disease, even hunting. We just had a scare with the broadwind(broad-winged)talks(hawks). Their numbers have dropped drastically over the last ten years. Itwas suggested that the birds may have changed their migratory route. So foreleven days, we have(had)several hundred volunteers, station(ed) to(去掉） every five miles,do（to） observe in（and) count. And sure enough, they discovered that instead of hugging theEverlatry(Appalachian) that(as)they had always done, the broad winds(broad-wings) were cutting a wide pathof over the delivery river(Delaware River). Needless to say, we were greatly relieved.

1.hawk 鹰

2. sanctuary 避难所

3.ridge 山脊

4.glide 滑翔

5.raptor 猛禽

6.pesticide 杀虫剂

7. station 驻扎

8.relieved 放心

本篇还是写的不好，地名太多，还有一些词不熟悉。句式有写错的。恩，主要讲了招募志愿者来协助counting numbers of raptors的工作。讲述了具体的鸟类怎么样的时候数，还说了现在不用担心那种broad-wings hawks了，它们已经change the route了~

ILOVECHEMISTRYUID: 2969217

赞一个！坚持！

zarina1990UID: 2968274

91
Everyone is interested in improving their diet. Adding grain(s) is one of the easiest ways. Many people in theUnited States have a growing concern about nutrition. So grains are oftenserved in restaurants and many grains are now available in grocery stores too.Though, for some, you still have to go to health food stores. You can stock upwhen you go although (though) because uncookedgrains keep a long time. You will find grains are easy to prepare. Many grainsare (+as) simple to cook and be got it (as spaghetti). Bally (Barley), for instance, is justcooked in a sort of (salted) water.Remember though, whole grain bally (barley), themost nutritious kind, never will get it (as) tenders(去掉s) (+as) be ready and（spaghetti）no matter how long it(+is) cooked. Grain based salads are easy too. Justuse grains left over from (+a) hot mill (meal). You can even put together a grain salad hoursbefore you need it since grains don’t well (wilt)like ladies (lettuce) do (does). But to get that (back) tohelp (health) factors, all grains are nutritiousand many have special benefits. Bally (Barley)has very little fat. Some maxbird (experts)believe that it made(may) than(even) reduce cluster all(cholesterol) levels. Jasman（Jasmine） also rises(rice) lowing(is also low) in fat, and it has a bonus in itswonderful aroma, a very special fragrance.


1.
Stock up 囤积、打包~
2.
Spaghetti 意大利面

3.
Barley
大麦

4.
Wilt 枯萎

5.
Tender 嫩的

6.
Lettuce 生菜

7.
Cholesterol 胆固醇

8.
Jasmine 玫瑰

本篇短而难，不知道是最近没有听的缘故，还是以为生词太多了。听的一点儿都不好。本票讲述的是grains 的用处和做法。关于饮食的文章~

zarina1990UID: 2968274

92
Well, in answer toyour question, several women actively participated in the Civil War. The onethat comes immediately to mine（mind) is Mary Worker(Walker). She is important because she isthe only woman ever to be awarded the congressional medal aver（of honor这个真的听不出来啊！！). As you know,this medal is given to people who('ve) serve the United States with exceptional bravery.In addition, she was the only female position(physician) in the（去掉） either of the two armiesthat fought in that war. Even though she had two medical degrees, many officersmade their（her) life difficult because they didn’t believe that the（a) woman should bea doctor. However, she refused to back down only in(and leave) the army. In fact, sherestrial(risked） life several times during the war and was even captured that（at) onepoint, but she was soon released. After the war, she was arrested several timesfor wearing pants. And although, congress eventually tried to take her medal away;she refused to give it back and continued to wear（+it） wherever she went. She diedin 1919, the（a) year before women received the right devote（to vote), which brings me to mynext point.
1. congressional 国会的、议会的
2. physician 医师、内科医生

本篇难度中等，写的错误有点儿多了。讲述的是Mary Walker作为战地女英雄，得了congressional medal of honor. 她非常勇敢，并且是唯一的女physician。 然后讲了她在战争结束后几次被捕因为wearing pants，即使如此，她还作风依旧。这个刻画了这位女性个性化的特点。

zarina1990UID: 2968274

93
So you see, physical illnesscan have psychological causes. Now we just have time to introduce another interestingexample of the interaction between the mind and(+the) body, placebos. Placebos, maybe（+you've)heard of(去掉）them called sugar pills, are harmless substances, not always sugarthat（+are) use routine(routinely), the young(on) group of sick people in experiments. Theseexperiments, tests the effectiveness of new drugs. One group is given thenew drug. The other group is given the(a) placebo, and(+the) results are measured. Asyou might guess, some of the people who receive the new drug get better. Surprisingly,however, some of the placebo groups also get better. Why? well, it’s aninteresting question, one which doctors can’t quite answer. Some of the groupsmay have gotten better on their own without any treatment at all. But research hasshown that the very active taken-in(act of taking a) medication that you think would(will) make youbetter often does make you feel better. Have you ever taken an aspirin in thoughtof (and felt)better in 5 minutes? Aspirin doesn’t work that fast, does it? Basically, ifyou believe you will get better, sometimes you do. The history of how doctorsand healers have used the mind body connection to heal(cure) people is long and interesting.But I see that it is the(去掉） time to close, so I（+will） have to cover this in the next class.You（+will） have to hold your questions on this topic till then. Before you go, I havesome handouts for you, concerning the midterm exams next week.




1. placebo 安慰剂
2. routinely 日常的、例行的
3. medication 药物治疗
4. healer 治疗者
5. aspirin 阿司匹林
6. handout 小册子，传单、讲义



本篇较为简单，生词较少，关键是很多语法上得东西确实听不出来，但是应该从语法方面来判断，比如最后几句中作为将来的动作应该采用将来时，will应该补上。本篇讲述的是mind and body relationship, 以placebos来说明。心理上的可以控制生理上的感觉。

zarina1990UID: 2968274

20080114
SSS

This is the scientific Americans (‘s) 60 seconds science. I am HH (Karen Hopkin). It (This)will just take a minute.


If I ask you to picture someone whorecycles, you might come up with an image of // (anidealistic) young nature lover, someone who has the time and energy totake a personal interest in the environment. And verily (the very least), she (you) probablypicture more earth mother than soccer mom. But a new study from the Universityof G (Granada) suggests you should (‘d) be wrong. Because scientists there (+have) found that housewife (housewives)are more ecologically aware than undergrads in that they are more willing torecycle. The researchers assessed the recycling skills of some 500 universitystudents and 150 homemakers. And they found (+that)housewife (the housewives) separate glass fromgarbage more often than students, even though students say that they are pro-environment.So why are housewife (housewives) better friendsto the planet than students? The researchers say that it(去掉) maybe because it is easier for them. Students have to hold theirbest stocked pile（haul their vaststockpiles）of recyclable some distance to the proper receptacle,whereas housewives presumably just deposit their bottles at the curb. The researcherssuggested that students could be encouraged to recycle by program(s) that emphasizes how recycling is // (an ethical) imperative for those who care about theearth. Or maybe the school could just put a few extra recycling bins in thehouse (halls).

zarina1990UID: 2968274

sss-20080111

If you feel that (the) urge to lay a (your)head on (down) the desk for an afternoon nap,here is something to tell your boss. A 90 minutes //(snooze)will actually help you remember that new task you just learnt.Researchers at the University of H published the result(s)of their nap study in the journal nature Nero-science (neuroscience).They tested two groups. Each was asked to learn to bring their thumb and figuretogether at (+a) specific sequence. One took a90 minutes nap afterwards; the other didn’t. The group that slept had learnt thesequence better by nightfall. By morning, the two groups had even doubt (evened out), but researchers say that (the) nappers improved more rapidly than(去掉) the next day. Then, the scientists took another two groups. Bothlearnt two different thumb to figures sequences over a few hours. One grouptook a nap between the two tasks. At night time, there was no difference between the  groups. But by morning, the nappershad learnt the first task better. Scientists say this shows that // (siestas) helps engrave new tasks into a long term memory.Turns out that if you snuz (snooze), you win.

1.    snooze小睡、打盹
2.    neuroscience神经科学

3.even out 使均等

4. siestas 午睡

zarina1990UID: 2968274

20080115-SSS



You’d (You)think we enjoy something based on its transient (intrinsic)qualities. Food should taste good because its molecules take a lot tags（tickle our tongues). But it’smuch more complicated than that. For example, one study has shown that knowing(+the) ingredientsand name brand of the(a) beer can increase the drinker’s pleasure. What isgoing on in our brain that allows that to happen? Researchers at the CaliforniaInstitute of Technology recently investigated our neuro(neural)-response to its non entranceinstimuly(this non-intrinsic stimuli). 20 subjects tasted what they thought were 5 different wines; theywere given the price for each. But in reality, there were only 3 wines. Twowere offered twice. One is(,once) at a legendary(an alleged) low price and one(once) at a much higherprice. And (+the) subjects consistently said they enjoyed what they thought were expensiveones(wines) more. A functional //(MRI) should(showed) that there was no change in activity inthe taste entrance(centers) of the brain when the subjects drank what they thought were thecostly wines. But the //(MRI) also reviewed increased activity in the brain(')spleasure centers. So somehow our brains combine both the actual taste and whatwe expect about the taste. In this case, that would(will) be better because it’s pricierin // wine//(vivoveritas!).




1. intrisic 本质的、固有的
2. tickle our tongues  使舌头发痒
3. stimuli 刺激
4. alleged 所谓的、宣称的