argument同主题写作第二类 8月16-17日

eerri2000UID：3817309

151) Benton City residents have adopted healthier lifestyles. A recent survey of city residents shows that the eating habits of city residents conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago. During those ten years, local sales of food products containing kiran, a substance that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol, have increased fourfold, while sales of sulia, a food rarely eaten by the healthiest residents, have declined dramatically. Because of these positive changes in the eating habits of Benton City residents, we predict that the obesity rate in the city will soon be well below the national average.

Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.


claim: Benton City residents have adopted healthier lifestyles.
data: eating habits of civilians conform more to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago
warrant: the size of the sample of civilians investigated must be given
evidence:
1.not all of the civilians, especially those are under an unhealthy diet, would want to investigated;
2. the sample should be big enough and cover all the group including healthy residents and unhealthy residents.

claim: variance of the sales of food containing kiran and sulia indicates a healthier diet of residents
data: sales of kiran increase while sales of sulia decrease.
warrant: The changing of two food may not comprehensively reflect the shifting of diet style as a whole.
evidence:
1. Whether a diet of citizens is healthy could be judged only by taking into account the variance of all the food they consumed;
2.The changing of sales of all food sold in city should be displayed in this argument

claim: the obesity rate in the city will soon be well below the national average
data: Because of these positive changes in the eating habits of Benton City residents
warrant: Obesity rate in the city is solely related to the eating habits of citizens
evidence:
1. obesity rate is not exclusively depend on the diet conditions of residents of this city;
2. Sports habit of citizens also have a great influence on the obesity rate.


Intro:
In this passage, the author concluded that Benton City residents have adopted healthier lifestyles since more citizens conformed a healthy diet recommended by government today than ten years ago, which was supported by the increasing consume of the food containing kiran and the decreasing consume of the sulia. At first glance the arguer gives plausible reasons, however, if the author want to this argument acceptable, additional evidences about the sample size of citizens investigated and the variances of sales of all food consumed by residents should be given, the correlations of the diet conditions of residents and the obesity rate should also be future discussed. These aspect need to be considered critically to assess the strength of the argument.


Middle paragraph of TP1:
Firstly, an important assumption in this argument is that residents in Benton City have adopted healthier life styles because the citizens conformed more closely to the diet commended by government than they did ten years ago. This might be possible, but enough evidences were not given to prove this out. The size of the sample of civilians who are investigated must be given. If the sample only contain those people who are in healthy condition, the data showing the changing of diet of citizens would not be convincing. The sample should be big enough and cover all the group including both healthy and unhealthy residents.


写这一篇的时候，三个句子发现逻辑联系的很紧密，环环相扣。所以首段用了个which引导的定语从句，是想表明健康生活方式是因为遵循政府推荐的饮食，而这个被城市的food变化所证实。不知道这个句子写的对不对，还望指点。
句式逻辑方面还望指点

powerfulbeanUID：3829312

1）Palean Basket unique

Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a 'Palean' basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

Background info: Woven baskets were once believed to have been made only by the Palean people because they have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea.

Claim : Palean people may be not the only one that made the basket.
Data: Archaeologists discovered such a 'Palean' basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea.
Warrant: Lithos located on the other side of the Palens, so the basket is made by people in lithos.
Assumption： Palean people could not bring the basket across the river.

Claim:It is difficult for Palean people to bring the basket across the river.
Data: The Brim River is very deep and broad.
Warrant : the river is deep and broad so it was not easy for them to cross the river.
Assumption: In the past, the river was as deep and broad as today.

Claim: Antient Palean people had no way to send the basket across the river.
Data:  and no Palean boats have been found.
Warrant : No Palean boats have been found which means that Palean people could not cross the river thus could not send the basket across the river.
Assumtion: they built the boat but were not preserved. They have no other way to carry the basket to the other side of the river.

Intro
According to the passage, it is concluded that the baskets which were previously only found in Palea were not only belong to Palean people. Citing the archaeologists’ discovery that same baskets were also found in Lithos and there is a wide river between them while no boat was found, the author believe it is  people in lithos produced these baskets themselves. Several assumptions have been made in the argument about the past condition of the river, the preservation of the antient boats and the methods to transport the baskets. These assumptions need ti be scrutinized critically to assess the strength of the argument.

Middle:
To begin with, it is assumed that the condition of the river in the area at the time such as width or depth were as same as today. While the river today is broad and deep, it does not mean the condition is the same in the past. There is possibility that in the past there were no river at this area and the geography or other disasters created it. People can easily traded commodities and baskets if there were no river. On the other hand, maybe the weather was extremely cold at the time and the river was frozen during the winter. Again the people from the two villages could simply walk across the river to trade.

很_简单UID：3742023

Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a 'Palean' basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

C: so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat,
D: The Brim River is very deep and broad
W:

C; the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.
D: no Palean boats have been found
W:it can not be made by Palean due to lack of vehicles.

In this argument, the author argues that the so-called Palean baskets which were considered only exist in the Palean area in the past can also be made in Lithos. To support his argument, the writer cites some evidence such as lacking vehicles and deep river to claim that these baskets can not be carried to Lithos by Palean. Although quite convincing the argument may seem at the first glance, more critical evidence is needed in order to full assess the writer’s conclusion.

To begin with, while the author provides some evidence concerning the river is very deep and broad to support his claim that the ancient Paleans could have crossed the river called The Brim only by boat, we can not hastily draw the conclusion that the river is as deep and broad as its ancient. We need more evidence to make sure that during the Paleans time, people could not pass the river due to its depth. If some evidence suggests that the river is not so deep that ancient Paleans do not have the ability and technology to pass it or even it is not existed in that time, the author’s conclusion will be greatly undermined. On the contrary, if the evidence supports the current it, then the conclusion may seem more conclusive.


To sum up, current information available in this argument does not sufficiently support the author’s conclusion that Palean baskets were not only existed in Palean area. We can not draw a conclusion solely based on the information he provided. As a result, we need more evidence to better evaluate the writer’s conclusion in the argument.

claim data 还比较好写，但是warrant不太理解什么意思，有大神帮忙解答吗？

游离雨UID：3816551

tesolchina 发表于 2017-8-12 12:06
Arg 1 Palean Basket unique

Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have p ...

144) The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles. Their responses to a recent survey show that in their eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago. Furthermore, there has been a fourfold increase in sales of food products containing kiran, a substance that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol. This trend is also evident in reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the healthiest citizens regularly eat.

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

In this argument, it is concluded that the citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles than before. To support this, the author cites the results of a recent survey concerning people’s eathing habits, points out the increase of kiran selling and decline of sulia selling. However, a number of assumptions have been made in the argument about the interpretation of the survey results and the role the food products containning kiran or sulia play in people’s life.

To begin with, it is assumed that the responses to the survey could accurately reflect people’s eating habits and the results is representative of the condition of the general citizens. Actually, more questions need to be answers about the validity of the survey. On one hand, the respondents might not truly tell the answers about their eating habits for they would choose the one they think is the right thing but not the real. On the other hand, the respondents probably could not represent the general public in Forsythe and it is possible that they are mainly composed of young people who pay more attention to the health of lifestyle, while other people might remain the same as before. If the survey is not as valid as the author thought, the soundness of the argument might weaken and become less reliable.

Claim: The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.
Data: Their responses to a recent survey
Warrant: show that in their eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations

Claim: The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.
Data: there has been a fourfold increase in sales of food products containing kiran
Warrant: a substance that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol.

Claim: The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.
Data: reduced sales of sulia
Warrant: a food that few of the healthiest citizens regularly eat.

wanghaitao199391UID：3704441

53)The following appeared in a health magazine.

The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles. Their responses to a recent survey show that in their eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago. Furthermore, there has been a fourfold increase in sales of food products containing kiran, a substance that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol. This trend is also evident in reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the most healthy citizens regularly eat.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

Claim: The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.
Data:
1. a recent survey show that they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations.
2. increase in sales of food products containing kiran that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol.
3. reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the most healthy citizens regularly eat.
Warrant: the citizens adopt healthful lifestyles because they conform government nutritional recommendationsin a survey, buying more products containing kiran and don’t buy sulia.
Assumptions and Evidence:
1.few of the most healthy citizens eat sulia doesn’t mean that sulia is harm to healthful lifestyle, so reduced sales of sulia doesn’t mean a healthier lifestyle of people.
2.increase in sales of food products containing kiran doesn’t show a healthier lifestyle of people, on the contrary, it is possible that more people are suffering from over cholesterol, so they eat kiran to reduce it.
4.We need more evidence to compare the conformations to government nutritional recommendations 10years ago and now, there maybe no such a government nutritional recommendations 10years ago.
开头段：
The author of the health magazine asserts that the citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles. To support this argument, the writer presents a response of a recent survey show and two changes in certain substance selling. Although the assumptions seem plausible, the argument will be seriously challenged if these evidence proved to be unwarranted.
中间段：
To start with, the citizens’ responses to a recent survey show that they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago. Based on a unstated assumption that there has been such a government nutritional recommendations 10years ago, the writer endorse the citizens’ attitude toward nutrition has changed more healthful. However, the assumption is potentially problematic because there maybe no such a government nutritional recommendations 10years ago, even if we acknowledge this assumption, we need more evidence to compare the conformations to government nutritional recommendations 10years ago with now. If this is the case, the writer’s assumption will not hold and the conclusion will be clearly weakened.

Additionally, by stating that increase in sales of food products containing kiran represent a healthier lifestyle of people, the writer rules out the opposite situation. We need to re-examine the assumption that selling more kiran food is the symbol of a healthful lifestyle. It is likely on the contrary, more people are suffering from over cholesterol, so they eat kiran to reduce it rather than as the writer’s assumption. In addition,the results of medical examination will tell us more about the real health condition of citizens in Forsythe. If the worse helth condition is true, then we can not take increase in sales of food products containing kiran as a healthier lifestyle of people.

What’s more, the writer demonstrate that reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the most healthy citizens regularly eat, means people lead a more healthful lifestyle. Whether or not the sulia should be discriminated to be a unhealthful substance is questionable. For example, if the sulia is innocuous to health, it’s reduced selling should not be a standard of health lifestyle or not. More over, the reduction of sulia selling may be caused by a reduction of its production. For that reason, the reduced sales of sulia may not be a necessary key to lifestyle change. As a result, the argument is debatable.
加了一些连接词和看起来很有逻辑的过渡，我觉得比昨天的好多了，看来写得好就是让自己写的看起来好。

youzi42UID：3806028

Arg 1 Palean Basket unique

Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a 'Palean' basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

Claim : Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have been made only by the Palean people.
Data :Woven baskets found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea
Warrent : The woven baskets only appears in the Palea
Evidence :
- The people who used to live in here , seldom has trade with other people from other villages .
- The woven baskets is so special that it can only made in this villages for some reasons .
- The people made this woven baskets originally .

Claim : the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.
Data  :archaeologists discovered such a 'Palean' basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea.ee
Warrent :The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found.
Evidence :
- In the history of the ancient village , there was no contact with the people from the prehistoric villages.
- The river exsists in the ancient time too , and as deep and broad as now.


  The argument is about the origin of woven baskets , characterized by a particular distinctive pattern : the woven baskets were  first found in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea , however, an archaeologists' discovery found that such a 'Palean' basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea , and no evidence shows there used to have Plean .
Whether the so-called Palean baskets were uniquely Palean or not remains question , it lies in the evidences that show the possibilities of contact between the two villages . Thus , before making a judgement , we still need some evidence : the river exists since the prehistory and is as deep and broad as now , there didn't have a bridge before  , and the evidence that whether the resources of making woven baskets is special certain areas or not  .

  According to the argument , there is  the Brim River between the two villages , the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat . However , we can't come to a conclusion given we still need evidence , that is,  the Brim River exists since or before the Palea's settement , what's more , the river should be as broad and deep as now so the Palea can only cross it by the boat . If there were not a river , or the river drys at some times , hence , it's no wonder that there isn't any boat be found then , moreover ,  there is possibility that the two villages may have trade in this basket , leaving the origin of the woven basket a mystery .

ChiuChiKwanUID：3828648

53)The following appeared in a health magazine.

The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles. Their responses to a recent survey show that in their eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago. Furthermore, there has been a fourfold increase in sales of food products containing kiran, a substance that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol. This trend is also evident in reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the most healthy citizens regularly eat.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.


Claim: The evidence of the reliability of the responses is required.
Data: Their responses to a recent survey show that in their eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago.
Warrant:Whether the responses to the recent survey is real.
What if people lie to the survey to leave a good impression?


Claim: There is no evidence that eating habits of citizens are improved by a fourfold increase in food products containing kiran.
Data: There has been a fourfold increase in sales of food products containing kiran and scientific study has shown it reduces cholesterol.
Warrant:
1.There is no evidence that the increase in food products containing Kiran doesn’t mean local people will eat them. Chances are that the most of consumers are from other areas. The expansion  of this kind of food may bring more profits.
2. Since the fourfold increase, some evidences are required that there is no harm if the consumption of this kind of food is excessive.




Claim: The reduction of sulia doesn’t mean citizens begin to eat healthy food.
Data:This trend is also evident in reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the most healthy citizens regularly eat.
Warrant: They may choose another kind of unhealthy food to eat.

Claim:Even the citizens of Forsythe start to have a healthier diet, no evidence shows that the citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles in sports, recreation, sleep and other ways.
Data:Above all.
Warrant:Healthy lifestyles contains many aspects, such as diets, sports, sleep and so on. The evidence that there is a tendency to do sports in this city or other is failed to provide.


Introductory paragraph:
  The health magazine announces that life styles of citizens of Forsythe are better than before by citing the responses to the recent survey, the increasing purchase of food with Kiran and the deduction of sales of sulia. However, these phenomenon couldn’t reach a conclusion that the citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles. Several evidences are fail to provide.

Middle paragraph:TS3
  It is assumed that the citizens have healthier lifestyles owing to reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the most healthy citizens regularly eat. However, the editors of this magazine fail to provide evidence whether people change their taste and prefer other kinds of unhealthy food. What’s more, chances are that the reason why sale of sulia deduces is that exports of sulia is curtailed. Thus it’s still remains an open question whether this reduction really means people start to choose healthy diets instead of unhealthy one.

woakaUID：3828817

144)  The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles. Their responses to a recent survey show that in their eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago. Furthermore, there has been a fourfold increase in sales of food products containing kiran, a substance that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol. This trend is also evident in reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the healthiest citizens regularly eat.

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

Claim: The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.
Data: Their responses to a recent survey show that in their eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago.
Warrant: (having an eating habit which is close to the government recommendation means a healthier lifestyle) implied
Assumptions:
1)        The survey is persuasive and objective
2)        The survey did ten years ago is credible
3)        The eating habit which is close to the government recommendation is healthier

Claim: The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.
Data: there has been a fourfold increase in sales of food products containing kiran, a substance that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol
Warrant: (the increase in the sales of food products containing kiran in Forsythe indicates the healthful lifestyles of citizens) implied
Assumptions:
1)        It is people’s concern about healthful lifestyles that leads the increasing sales of healthful food products, such as the one containing kiran
2)        The increase in the sales of food products containing kiran is significant enough in amount and benefited many of the citizens
3)        The reduction of cholesterol means healthful

Claim: The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.
Data: the reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the healthiest citizens regularly eat.
Warrant: The decline in sales of suila has proven the trend of advocating healthy lifestyles in Forsythe
Assumption:
1)        The foods that few of the healthiest citizens regularly eat are unhealthful
2)        The decline in sales of suila shows people's attention to health

Introductory paragraph
The author argues that the citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles. A number of assumptions have been made about the recent survey concerning eating habits of citizens, and the sales records of two types of food. We need to examine these assumptions carefully to decide if the argument is reasonable.

Middle paragraph
To begin with, it is assumed that the surveys about citizens’ eating habits could draw the conclusion that the city residents adopted more healthful lifestyles than they did ten years ago. It’s not clear, however, the scope and validity of that survey. For one thing, could these sampled respondents truly represent the Forsythe citizens? If the respondents were mainly from a particular socioeconomic class or the amount of respondents was not big enough, for example, the survey results could not be generalized to the entire population in Forsythe. For another thing, is the eating habit which is close to the government recommendation healthier? As we all known, the standard for a healthful lifestyle is not unique. Even if this survey could prove that people's eating habits are closer to the government nutritional recommendations, the author cannot say that people's lifestyles are healthier without scientific research. Unless the survey is fully representative, valid, and reliable, it cannot be used to effectively back the authors’ argument.


5楼同学的习作点评
1. 您的开头段写的不错，很有条理，讲明了作者的的几个主要论据，然后依次列出四个需要被回答的问题，便于组织文章的结构，我要向你学习。但是陈述作者结论的时候第一句和第二句的后半句显得就有点重复了，可以把一二句组合在一起，作为对全文逻辑结构的简单复述。
2. 中间段
1） 语言显得比第一段弱了一点（比如draw to a conclusion，应该没有to吧）
2） 好像在哪里看到过用cannot 比can’t正式一些(仅供参考)
3） 倒数第二句应该是对政府推荐的健康性以及现在的饮食习惯更健康了做出让步（承认），所以这里的less应该有问题吧…
4) 这一段的论述比我的文章内容要丰富的多，感觉自己废话太多了。向你学习

丽丽酱香饼UID：3764419

ARG 1. Palean Basket unique

Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a 'Palean' basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

Claim: ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat
Data: Archaeologists discovered such a 'Palean' basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad.
Warrant: Because the Brim River is very deep and broad, so ancient Paleans could only crossed it by boat.

Evidence needed :
1.        information about other possible ways for basket to cross the river
a.        Bridge?
b.        Frozen in winter?
c.        Carried just by water?
2.        geographic Information about the river in ancient time
a.        very deep and broad as today?
b.        Some parts connected?

Claim: Palean baskets could not be brought to Lithos
Data: no Palean boats have been found
Warrant: boat is the only way to pass the basket

Evidence needed:
1.        possible boat materials
2.        the possibility of all boats are been damaged

Claim: the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean
Data: the basket was found in Lithos and there is no boat founded
Warrant: because the basket was found in Lithos, Lithos could make the basket

Evidence needed:
1.        the material of the basket to prove Lithos could make the basket
2.        information to exclude the possibility of trade of the basket from other place

Introductory paragraph

In this argument, the author states that the Palean baskets were not unique to be made by Palean because they have been found in Lithos across the river. More evidence is needed to evaluate this argument: geographical information of this area, the possible technology of boat and bridge, and the characteristics of the baskets.

Middle paragraph

A important piece of evidence needed is the information of geography at the time in this area. Specifically, we want to know whether the river was deep and broad and if there were some land parts of the two village connected together. It is possible that the geographical characteristics at the time were so different from today. If the river was shallow and narrow, people in Palean and Lithos could walk to each other, and the baskets could be traded across the river. Maybe in somewhere of the river, two village were connected by some land parts which made people easy to walk through. Again they could trade the baskets across the river. So, more information of geography is needed to assess how likely these scenario are.

评6楼：
1.        Evidence不可数名词:
[U] facts or signs that show clearly that something exists or is true
证据，证明
2.        首段最好开门见山给出thesis statement，说明缺了哪些证据
3.        It’s so cold——maybe it was

Joker—XYZUID：3508086

53) The following appeared in a health magazine.

The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles. Their responses to a recent survey show that in their eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago. Furthermore, there has been a fourfold increase in sales of food products containing kiran, a substance that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol. This trend is also evident in reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the most healthy citizens regularly eat.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument

Claim: The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.
Data: In their eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago.
Warrant:Good eating habits due to more healthful lifestyle.

Questions:How did them do the survey on citizens eating habits?
                      Did this survey cover the major part of citizens?
Evidence:Survey methods and the range of participants.
Assumption:The conclusion is true and forceful.

Claim:The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.
Data: There has been a fourfold increase in sales of food products containing kiran, a substance that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol.
Warrant:The increase in sales of food products containing kiran due to health eating habits.

Questions:Are there any other factors influence the sales of food products containing kiran.
Evidence:The price changes of food products containing kiran.
Assumption:People eat more food products containing kiran to keep healthy .

Claim:The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.
Data: This trend is also evident in reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the most healthy citizens regularly eat.
Warrant:Good eating habits due to more healthful lifestyle.

Questions:Is there obviously reduce on sulia output?
Evidence: Output data of sulia.
Assumption:People realize sulia's harmful influence on health.

Introductory paragraph:

According to the director in a health magazine,the citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles because of a better eating habit. Citing the changes on sales of different kinds of food, the director argues that the citizens' eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago. A number of assumptions have been made in the argument about the survey results, the healthful lifestyles. These assumptions need to be scrutinized critically to assess the strength of the argument.

Middle paragraph:1
To begin with, it is assumed that the survey result accurately reflects the lifestyles of citizens in Forsythe.  While the way of the survey and its range of participants are unknown, may the participants were concentrated in an area or age range. Seniors always pay more attention to their health and there would be less young people to do so. If the survey did not contain a large range of ages, the result may not be helpful.

grepphUID：3814407

53) The following appeared in a health magazine.

The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles. Their responses to a recent survey show that in their eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago. Furthermore, there has been a fourfold increase in sales of food products containing kiran, a substance that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol. This trend is also evident in reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the most healthy citizens regularly eat.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

Intro paragraph:
In the health magazine, it is said that the citizens of Forsythe have been used to healthy lifestyles, according to the survey of their eating habits, the increase in sales of food products containing kiran and the decrease in the sales of sulia. However, there is still some evidence needed to evaluate the argument about the survey result, the sales of food products containing kiran and the sales of sulia.

Claim: The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.
Data：Their responses to a recent survey show that in their eating habits they conform more closely to government nutritional recommendations than they did ten years ago.
Warrant: People are more willing to follow the government nutritional recommendations.
Evidence needed: Prove for the reliability of the survey (the number of people being surveyed, the quality of the questions in the survey, the realness of the answers).

Middle paragraph:
Firstly, although the survey shows that people’s eating habits tend to be more closely related to government nutritional recommendations, evidence is needed to prove the reliability of the survey. Maybe the ratio of people in the survey who is used to healthy lifestyles is larger than that of people ten years ago, while the ratio of people with healthy lifestyles in the whole city is few than that of people ten years ago. Also, the questions in the survey maybe not good enough to make people in the survey truly express their opinions. If this is true, then the survey can’t represent the habits of the whole city.

Claim: The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.
Data: There has been a fourfold increase in sales of food products containing kiran, a substance that a scientific study has shown reduces cholesterol.
Warrant: people choose to buy more healthy food.
Evidence needed: Information about other substances in the food; The sales of other food products having the same effect but containing no kiran.

Claim: The citizens of Forsythe have adopted more healthful lifestyles.
Data: This trend is also evident in reduced sales of sulia, a food that few of the most healthy citizens regularly eat.
Warrant: People choose to buy few unhealthy food.
Evidence needed: information about the quality of sulia now and before; sales of other food products that has the same effect as sulia.

东扯扯UID：3763369

kyika 发表于 2017-8-16 14:26
151) Benton City residents have adopted healthier lifestyles. A recent survey of city residents show ...

今天才注意到还有点评。因为昨天的第一组argument我看大家都没点评，就以为argument不点评。
首先，多谢指正和建议。
关于第一个C-D-W，我是在做Toulmin's cycle时按Simon Wang的指导，尽可能把题目中的拆解出一个个C-D-W cycle，前天的第一组中我拆的特别细，感觉很零碎，所以这一次是根据题目中的final conclusion来列C-D-W，即与conclusion相关的我都列出来。但如你所说，其实我写的第一个C-D-W也感觉更多的是背景，与conclusion的联系并没有那么紧密和直接，所以我真正写全文的时候，会尽量挑更trenchant的点来argue（即多拓展我写的后两个C-D-W）。
我个人认为It is assumed that问题不大，因为我是先抛出statement里存在的问题从而引出还欠缺的evidence。当然你说的那样的确是更加简洁直接的回应题目要求，是对的。
谢谢耐心点评。

sweepyouUID：3559530

1)
Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a 'Palean' basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

Claim: The Palean baskets could travel across the river only by boat.
Data: The Brim River is very deep and broad now.
Warrant: The ancient Brim River was as deep and wide as it is now, so it was impossible to build a bridge. There were no other means for the baskets to travel across the river if it was deep and wide.
Evidence1: The geography condition of the ancient Brim River.
Evidence2:Whether the river froze during the winter.
Evidence3:The material of the Palean baskets.

Claim: There was no boat to cross over the ancient Brim River.
Data: no Palean boats have been found.
Warrant: If no Palean boat exists, it was impossible for the ancient people to cross the river by boat.
Evidence1: Whether boats from Lithos existed.
Evidence2: The material of the boat.
Evidence3: Geographical condition in the local area (factors that might took the boat remains far from the local area).

According to the author, the Palean baskets were not unique to Palean, based on the fact that a 'Palean' basket was found in an adjacent village, and that there were seemingly no means for the basket to travel from Plea village to the adjacent one. However, in order to better evaluate the argument, we need more evidence about the geographical condition as well as the climate of the Brim River area in the ancient times, the materials the ancient people use to build a boat, and the material of the Palean basket.

The author claims that it was impossible for the basket to travel across the Brim River without a boat, because of the depth and width it has now. However, we need more evidence about the geographical condition about the ancient Brim River. It is possible that the river was shallow enough in the ancient times for the people to wade, or that the river was narrow enough to build a bridge, so the ancient villagers could take the basket to the adjacent village. Besides, we also need the local climate data. If it was cold enough for the Brim River to freeze in the winter, people can walk across the area, despite the depth and width of the river. What's more, we need to examine the material of the Palean basket. If the basket was made of wood or bamboos, which made the basket light enough to float on water, the river might carry it to Lithos.


点评：13楼
开头段：个人觉得firstly后面的这句是可以不用写的，因为这属于背景介绍一类，这里面并没有需要提供证据（也就是可驳斥）的点。

第一段没太看明白，个人觉得需要讨论的就是篮子有没有可能是从Palea而来的。不明白你这里讨论材料是针对什么？

In addition这段挑不出毛病，而且比较简洁。不过记得老师说过，新AW不要出现flaw这类词，因为作者的观点未必就是错的，只是需要更多证据。

Even if这段，同理，不要出现problematic。
个人觉得这段和上段有点重复了，你是想说明由于巨大的地质变化，这两个村子实际上在古时候很近吗？这和上一段的river was shallow or narrow实际是一个意思，都是说可以架桥或者涉水的意思吧？

困惑的地方，请老师或者其他小伙伴回答：
关于arg1的审题：如果这种篮子的编织技术是P村教给L村的，那么这还能算是P篮子吗？是不是此篮子已经不算unique了呢？

另外，我之前练习argu一直是3+1法，似乎和现在这种方法不太一样，Toulmin必须要写出warrant，不过我好像更习惯分层然后直接写出待解决的assumption/question/evidence。

GoldenStringUID：3787185

Arg 1 Palean Basket unique

Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a 'Palean' basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.


Claim: the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.
Data:a 'Palean' basket was found in Lithos.
  /   The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat,
/and no Palean boats have been found.
Warrant: Because no Palean boats have been found, Palean people can't reach Litho without boats. It can believed that the 'Palean' basket in Lithos discovered by archaeologists was made by Lithos people.

开头段：According to the argument, the so-called Palean baskets maybe had been made by other people not only Palean people as the same baskets have been found in Lithos, where is an adjacent village of Palea ,which is separated from Lithos by deep and broad Brim River.Given that the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found,  It's believed that the baskets were not uniquely Palean. In order to evaluate this argument, we need more evidence about geographic and climate information of the areas ,the technologis of building boats and bridges , the material of the baskets and the environmentalbackgrounds of the areas.

中间段：Although the author believes that only by boats which were still not found  could Palean people carry the baskets from Palea to Lethos , we can't deny that maybe there are other reasonable scenarios. First of all, the Brim River maybe at the time was not as deep and broad as it is now. If  Brim River was so shallow and narrow that people on both sides could deal with baskets by walking across the river. For another, it is not of impossiblity that maybe there was no Brim River between the two villagea at the time. What's more, if the climate is so cold  that the river was frozen in winter, people on both sides could also trade baskets by walking across the river without the needs of boats. Therefore, we need more information about geographic and climate of the areas to assess the possibility of the above scenarios.


点评20楼：
开头段有点太啰嗦了，应该概括总结一下，一些细节点东西可以省略，比如Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern可以概括为the baskets.
中间段不错，有理有据，很充实！

liwenhao19UID：3472930

tesolchina 发表于 2017-8-12 12:06
Arg 1 Palean Basket unique

Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have p ...

Arg 1 Palean Basket unique

Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a 'Palean' basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

Claim: Palean people are not the only one who can make the so called palean baskets.
Data: palean baskets were found in Lithos(L), where is separated from Palea(P) by a deep and broad river, and no palean boats have been found.
Warrant: the geography did not change over time, and the baskets can only cross the river by Palean boats, and if there were Palean boats before, we must be able to find them today.

Intro:
The author claim that Lithos people can also make the so-called palean baskets since those baskets were also found in Lithos, which is separated from Palean by a deep and broad river and no Palean boats were found. However, we need more evidence about the geography condition of this area at that time and the technologies of people living in those areas at that time in order to decide whether the facts the author listed is enough to support his claim.

Body 1:
Firstly, the author argues that those baskets could not come from P, since there is deep and broad river between P and L. However, we need more evidence about the geography condition of this area at the time to evaluate the argument, because geography conditions change over time, the river is deep and broad today does not guarantee that it was so during that time. May be,  at the time the river was shallow and narrow enough that people could swim or walk across the river. If those were the cases, the authors’ argument is greatly weakened.