Issue4 劳驾各位，请留链接，有拍必回，

安婧UID: 2156480

Issue4 (2006-1-17  601)

No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that filed of study.

提纲：
1、        没有一个领域的操作是在真空中进行的，因为不同的领域的科学是不可避免的相互关联的。
例子：人类对古文化的探索，应用了历史学、生物化学、天文学、地质学、语言学等。
2、        一个领域的发展可以为几个领域作出巨大贡献。
例子：放射能应用于，医学、年代测定学、军事、工业等。
3、        但是，有的领域却不希望外界打扰，这样会使他更加纯粹。
例子：艺术。

  Nowadays, the relationship between different areas becomes more and more tight. I am very agreed with the speaker that almost all the areas of study need other fields knowledge to help them to advance their own technology, however, not all the areas should be mixed with others, but some of them.

  No area of intellectual inquiry operates in a vacuum, that is, sciences in various fields are inextricably related. Consider how a cultural anthropologist’s knowledge about an ancient civilization is enhanced not only by the expertise of the archeologist—who unearths the evidence—but ultimately by the expertise of biochemists, genetics, linguistics and even astronomy. First of all, to study the ancient civilization need the knowledge of history, this is the base of the study. Biochemists can test the body’s bone, teeth, nail, and so on, to ensure the chemistry elements in the body. In this way, we could imply what food they usually ate, what environment they lived, and the age they died. The rocksis could help to identify the time the people alive by the rock nearby and the tools berried with them. Geneticists are needed to test the DNA of the body, and then the historians could relate the kin with other ancient groups. Ancient people believe in the stars. Their houses, temples, palaces and so forth were built based the station of the stars, hence the astronomers could tell us the mystery among it, and then historians imply the culture at that age. Linguistics interpret the glyph on the wall to the current language, thus we could know the daily life about the ancient people.

  Scientific breakthrough in one certain area may be great contributed to advancement in another or several other fields. For example, the radioactivity is used in many other fields. In the medical field, there is a new diagnoses technique called radioactivity nuclide display, which can be used in following the cancer cells, and the radioactivity is widely used is the cancer treatment. In the biology, radioactivity helps scientists to find out answers of the structure problems of the molecular biology and modem genetics. Dating techniques is used on ancient objects, rocks and the universe, to study the elements of them. Moreover, it is broadly used in nuclear energy and the atomic bomb in the industry and arm fields. Therefore, when one certain area got a breakthrough, other fields would use the fruit to advance their own technology, and then it would promote the progress of the whole human society.

  However, some areas do not want others to trouble them, because growing themselves would make them become purer, such as art. Whether an artwork which is successful or not lies on the artist’s technique, but not the environment around him or her, or whether the technology is advancing or not. Artists need a quiet place to create their work, but do not need intervene from elements of business or politics. Art should show the artists’ really ideas, which should not be changed with the society’s mind or the value of the time. It needs only a canvas and a brush, or a piece of paper and a pen. Thus, people must not add the newest technology which has great function in other fields into every area, because not every area needs the mix of different fields.

  To sum up, the relationship between different areas is tight, so most fields of study can advance significantly with the outsiders’ knowledge and experience, which would make the advance become easily. But, we should analyze problem as its own feature, including some area need not any mixture.