Scientific American 60 Second Science听抄（有音频文件）

siliconUID: 2164770

:loveliness: Thanks for sharing

cassiezhouxuUID: 2327197

刚发现这个练听力的好网站。谢谢分享。

kelediguoUID: 149939

2007-06-18

It has been a tough year for Pluto. Last summer astronomers demoted the icy sphere to dwarf planet status. Now the dwarf planet formerly known as Xena has displaced Pluto as a larger such object known. That’s according to a report in the Journal Science. Named after Eris, the goddess of strife, the icy ? proved to be 27% more mass than Pluto when examined by astronomer Michael Brown of the California Institute of Technology who also discovered Eris. He used the Hubble Space Telescope and Keck observatory, as well as the orbital period of Eris’s moon Dysnomia to determine the density of what is now the queen of the dwarf planets. She weighs in at 16.6 billion trillion kilograms and has a girth of 2400 kilometers, making her the pudgier of the two dwarfs. Pluto doesn’t even have the most eccentric orbit in the Kuiper belt any more, but at least Pluto would always have the 76 glorious years that was officially classified as the ninth planet. With Pluto out, the planetary mnemonic I learned as a child has been changed to, my very excellent mother just sent us, nothing.



Actually, everybody can go to the original website to download the program. http://www.sciam.com/podcast/

[ 本帖最后由 kelediguo 于 2007-6-19 04:57 编辑 ]

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

based on kelediguo

It has been a tough year for Pluto. Last summer, astronomers demoted the icy sphere to dwarf planet status. Now the dwarf planet, formerly known as Xena has displaced Pluto as the largest such object known. That’s according to a report in the journal of Science.
Named after Eris, the goddess of strife, the icy U surf proved to be proved 27% more mass than Pluto, when examined by an astronomer Mike Brown at California Institute of Technology, who also discovered the Eris. Using the Hubble space telescope and Keck observatory, as well as the obiter of Eris’ moon Dysnomia, to determine the density what now is the queen of the dwarf planet. She weights 16.6 billion trillion kilograms. It has a girth of 2400 kilometers, make it pudgier to two dwarfs. Pluto does not have the most central orbit in the Kuiper belt any more. But at least Pluto would always have 76 glory years with official classified as the ninth planet. With Pluto out, the planetary, the mnemonic I learned as a child has been changed too. My very excellent mother just sent us, nothing.

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

The International Astronomical Union (IAU) has announced that the dwarf planet known as Xena since its 2005 discovery has been named Eris, after the Greek goddess of discord.

Eris's moon will be known as Dysnomia, the demon goddess of lawlessness and the daughter of Eris.

The names are those suggested by the discoverers of the dwarf planet--Mike Brown, a professor of planetary astronomy at the California Institute of Technology, Chad Trujillo of the Gemini Observatory, and David Rabinowitz of Yale University, and by the discoverers of the moon--Brown and the engineering team of Keck Observatory where the observations were made.

You may find more on the website below.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060914155305.htm

forerunnerUID: 2234967

It has been a tough year for Pluto. Lastsummer astronomers demoted the icy sphere to dwarf planet status. Now the dwarfplanet formerly known as Xena has displaced Pluto as a larger such objectknown. That’s according to a report in the Journal Science. Named after Eris,the goddess of strife, the (icy ??????:confused::confused: :confused:)proved tobe 27% more mass(massive) than Pluto whenexamined by astronomer Michael Brown of the California Institute of Technologywho also discovered Eris. He used the Hubble Space Telescope and Keck observatory, as well as the orbital periodof Eris’s moon Dysnomia to determine the density of what is now the queen ofthe dwarf planets. She weighs in at 16.6 billion trillion kilograms and has agirth of 2400 kilometers, making her the pudgier of the two dwarfs. Plutodoesn’t even have the most eccentric orbit in the Kuiper belt any more, but atleast Pluto would always have the 76 glorious years that was officiallyclassified as the ninth planet. With Pluto out, the planetary mnemonic I learned as a child has been changed to, myvery excellent mother just sent us, nothing.




the (icy ??????:confused::confused: :confused:)proved:confused::confused::confused:

forerunnerUID: 2234967

thx u r information:handshake

i think on this website ,u can get a lot of useful knowledge

http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~mbrown/planetlila/

forerunnerUID: 2234967

1905:Percival Lowell starts the search for PlanetX. The planets, including the newly discovered Neptune, didn't move around thesun in quite the way gravitational laws predicted, and Lowell proposes that anundiscovered planet must be the reason why. He never finds Planet X before hisdeath in 1916.
Feb.18, 1930: Clyde Tombaugh takes up the searchin 1929 at Lowell'sobservatory and proves that discovering new planets is not glamorous work. Fora year, he photographs the same section of sky several nights apart and thensearches the images for any objects that move like a planet should. On Feb. 18he looks at his photographic plates and knows right away that one of the dotsis Planet X.
May1930: A little girl in Britaininterested in Greek and Roman mythology tells her grandfather over breakfastthat the new planet should be named Pluto. He cables the Lowell Observatory,and they unanimously vote for the name because Pluto is the god of theunderworld, which seems appropriate for such a cold and remote planet, and thefirst two letters of Pluto are Percival Lowell's initials.
June22, 1978: The U.S. Naval Observatory's JamesChristy discovers that Pluto has a moon. He names it Charon, after the ferrymanwho take souls into the underworld in Greek mythology, but pronounces it Sharon because his wife'sname is Charlene. The existence of Charon meant that scientists could get abetter read on the mass of Pluto. They found that Pluto and Charon are actuallypretty small. Together, they're smaller than Earth's moon, even.
Aug.30, 1992: Pluto's tiny size didn't disqualifyit from being a planet, but then David Jewitt, an astronomer at the Universityof Hawaii, and Jane Luu, a researcher at the University of California,Berkeley, discover Pluto isn't the only chunk of rock and out there in theKuiper Belt beyond Neptune. Scientists have found hundreds of these objectssince 1992, so some astronomers start to think that maybe Pluto isn’t sospecial after all.
Feb.3, 1999: Pluto's debated status as a planetgets publicity. The International Astronomical Union calms stargazers worriedby recent media reports saying the IAU is planning to demote Pluto. Not so,they say in a press statement. They only want to include it in their numberingsystem for Kuiper Belt objects.
May11, 2000: Scientists may debate whether Plutois a planet, but it's place in the classical music canon gets secured. ComposerColin Matthews writes a movement for Pluto into Gustav Holst's The Planets. AlthoughPluto was discovered in Holst's lifetime, he declined to add it to his suite.
Feb.19, 2000: The RoseCenter for Earth and Space at the American Museumof Natural History in New York Cityopens -- and sneakily omits Pluto from its list of planets. No one seems tonotice until the next year, when the New York Times writes a front page articleabout it.
Jan.5, 2005: Michael Brown, a planetary scientistat the California Institute of Technology, discovers what might be the 10thplanet, Xena. He says it's rocky and icy like Pluto. When he announces hisdiscovery on July 29, he forces astronomers to decide what makes a planet.
Oct.31, 2005: The Hubble Space Telescope PlutoCompanion Search Team discovers that Pluto has three moons, not just one. Moonsdon't qualify an object to be a planet, but having a couple moons doesn't hurtPluto's case.
April11, 2006: The Hubble Space Telescope findsthat Xena is slightly larger than Pluto. Astronomers now have to make adecision: either Xena and Pluto are both planets or neither is a planet.
August24, 2006: The International Astronomical Unionstrips Pluto of its planetary status. The group says a planet must, among otherthings, have "cleared the neighborhood around its orbit." BecausePluto's orbit overlaps Neptune's, Pluto isout. The celestial body formerly known as the ninth planet will be reclassifiedas a "dwarf planet."

forerunnerUID: 2234967

forerunnerUID: 2234967

linkunkun7UID: 2196646

:handshake
都是高手阿。。。我好多都没听出来，还拼错了很多。。。汗。。。

woodmanUID: 161906

6月18日听抄
在kelediguo和forerunner基础上的修改
It has been a tough year for Pluto. Last summerastronomers demoted the icy sphere to dwarf planet status. Now the dwarf planetformerly known as Xena has displaced Pluto as a larger such object known.That’s according to a report in the Journal Science. Named after Eris, thegoddess of strife, the icy(usurper，篡夺者)proved to be 27% more mass (massive) than Pluto when examined by astronomerMichael Brown of the California Institute of Technology who also discoveredEris. He used the Hubble Space Telescope and Keck observatory,as well as the orbital period of Eris’s moon Dysnomia to determine the densityof what is now the queen of the dwarf planets. She weighs in at 16.6 billiontrillion kilograms and has a girth of 2400 kilometers, making her the pudgierof the two dwarfs. Pluto doesn’t even have the most eccentric orbit in theKuiper Belt any more, but at least Pluto would (will)always have the 76 glorious years that (. It)was officially classified as the ninth planet. With Pluto out, the planetarymnemonic I learned as a child has been changedto, my very excellent mother just sent us, nothing.

kelediguo和forerunner听得不错啊，呵呵，学习

woodmanUID: 161906

有用的背景资料

The ruling reduced the planet count in our solarsystem to eight and left Pluto renamed as a "dwarf planet." Todetermine Eris' mass, the researchers used the Hubble Space Telescope and theKeck Observatory to calculate the orbital speed of its moon, Dysnomia.According to Newtonian physics, the more massive a celestial object is, thefaster its satellite will zip around it.  Calculationspublished on June 14, 2007 show Pluto, the distant world that astronomers nolonger deem a planet, is not even the largest of our solar system's so-calleddwarf planets -- it is smaller than the recently discovered dwarf planet Eris.Eris, the dwarf planet that effectively kicked Pluto out of its planethood, isnot only bigger than the former ninth planet, but also much more massive,according to a new study published on Thursday. Pluto, named for the ancientGreek god of the underworld, was discovered in 1930. It was considered oursolar system's ninth planet until August 2006, when the InternationalAstronomical Union declared it a dwarf planet, a term referring to lesser,round solar system bodies orbiting the sun, mostly in an outer region calledthe Kuiper belt. Mr. Brown said Pluto should be getting accustomed to secondplace. "It's also the second dwarf planet discovered. It's the secondlargest Kuiper belt object. It's pretty good at being in second place.

Pluto, traditionally known as the ninth planet of our Solar System, sits in agiant zone called the Kuiper belt that is filled with asteroids and many otherplanetary bodies. The discovery of more and more objects in this zone includingEris, in 2005, which was found to be bigger than Pluto led astronomers to tryto more strictly define what is and isn't a planet. The objects in the KuiperBelt, which include Pluto and Eris, were formed 4bn years ago at the birth ofthe planets. They interest scientists because they preserve a record ofconditions at that time, which is useful in understanding the origins andformation of the solar system.  

Objects in the Kuiper Belt orbit 30 to 50 times farther from the sun thanEarth's Pluto is about 3 billion miles from the sun, while Earth orbits 93million miles away. Astronomers are intrigued by the region, because it's thesource of many comets and it contains frozen evidence from the birth of thesolar system. Wikipedia has dubbed Brown "Pluto's worst nightmare,"and he doesn't seem to mind. "Pluto sort of had one last chance," hesaid of his new paper.

The inner planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, were classified asterrestrial planets while, the outer planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune were considered as gaseous planets. Pluto, whichat the time was the furthest planet from the Sun, was not included in eithergroup due to its small size and isolated location within the Kuiper Belt—a ringof frozen, rocky objects between the orbit of Neptune and extending past theorbit of Pluto.  

"Pluto and Eris are more like the Earth than the Earth is likeJupiter," says Sykes. The problematic clause in the IAU definition, hesays, is the rule that a planet can only be classed as such if it has clearedits orbit which means that there are no other similar-sized objects in theneighbourhood of the planet's orbit apart from its own satellites or otherthings under that planet's gravitational influence.

Kicked out of the club of planets last year into a new category of dwarfplanet, it is not even the biggest of those, scientists have found. The sameobject that began Pluto's problems, a 2,400km-wide dwarf planet called Eris, has beenconfirmed as bigger and heavier than Pluto.Ceres has a diameter of only about 975 kilometers and has a mass of about 95thousand trillion kilograms. Therefore, based on these results, Pluto is nowthe second largest and second most massive dwarf planet in the solarsystem—bigger and more massive than Ceres, but smaller and less massive thanEris. A study has confirmed that the dwarf planet Eris - whose discoveryprompted Pluto's relegation from planet to dwarf - outranks it in mass. TheU.S. team, whose work is published in the journal Science, described theirfinding as "Pluto's last stand".

A new category of dwarf planets was adopted, into which Pluto, Eris and anotherbody called Ceres, which is located in the asteroid belt, were placed.

The former ninth planet was demoted again Thursday when scientists determinedit no longer even reigns as king of the dwarf planets, a subclass to whichastronomers relegated Pluto last summer after deeming it unworthy of standingalongside the solar system's larger bodies. "For a long time, Pluto wasthe only thing out in the outer solar system that was bright enough to study indetail and it was sort of the lonely oddball out there. Now we are able tostudy many more of these new dwarf planets and we are starting to see how theentire family operates," said Brown. Many Pluto fans system-wide are stillmourning its recent loss of planetary status. If you count yourself among them,you may want to avert your eyes -- as this isn't good news for Pluto-lovers.This confirmation solidifies Pluto's status as a dwarf planet, and not one ofthe nine, or rather, eight, true planets in our solar system. Owen Gingerich,emeritus professor of astronomy and history of science at Harvard-Smithsoniancentre for astrophysics, said that astronomers were already tracking severalnew candidates for dwarf planet status. Within a few years, he predicted, thesolar system was likely to have five or six new members.

woodmanUID: 161906

望穿秋水，你终于回来啦，哈哈。我们一起努力！加油！

原帖由 xixihehe0167 于 2007-6-19 01:17 发表
考完了，不过觉得自己的听力还需要不断提高;)
打算继续和大家坚持听抄:loveliness:
woodman咱们一起吧:handshake

woodmanUID: 161906

不要着急，坚持一个月，一定可以上新的台阶，加油哦

原帖由 linkunkun7 于 2007-6-19 09:38 发表
:handshake
都是高手阿。。。我好多都没听出来，还拼错了很多。。。汗。。。