【DIES IN THE FLAMES】Issue69&88 TASK BY seiranzcc

seiranzcc1UID: 2514067

ISSUE 69
Coexisting in the same world, relationship between government and scientific research is quite complicated. It is the government's responsibility to ensure science, the double-edged sword known to everyone, to serve human' s development better, and at the same time, offer those study enough freedom to develop. And restriction, which is one of the most common means of administration of government, should be utilized with great consideration when applied to scientific research and development. In most cases, government should do more to encourage rather than oppress the science unless some sever social or ethnic problems are involved.

Government, as the center of a nation's regulation, must response for the development and harmony of the society. Few will dispute that science is making us confront with more and more severity along with the advancement it brings to us. We can even predict how the world would be destroyed by the awried development of science from today's social issues like radical pollution and weapons of mass destruction. So in this case, the government is a vital role to keep the science developing in a right direction. For instance, some countries have establish the relevant clause about cloning, and the investigation of nuclear weapons have been totally banned in a worldwide scale. We can imagine what catastrophe would advent if government didn't intervene and repress some fields with potential but great threat.

However, those negative effects only make up a fraction of the scientific research. In most cases, we are enjoying the convenience and efficiency science has brought about. Since science is a territory calling for a great amount of freedom and imagination, the over interference of government will certainly be an obstacle for scientific research and development.
After all, science is a complete system consisted of various subjects, and any restriction on one certain field might lead to stagnation of a large scale of scientific research. For example, the restriction of animal experiments involving primates, which is under consideration of European Union, has caused numerous arguments in scientific world. Some scientists dispute that many experiments about nervous systems won't make any difference without the use of primate, and the restriction might make lots of relevant study cannot proceed any more. Although a convincing result hasn't been worked out, we can see how great effect the governmental policy will have on science.

As a matter of fact, government should pay more attention to supporting and encouraging scientific research and development rather than how to oppress them. Government can select out the most promising fields to invest in to get great achievement that might make big differences in human's progress. The thriving IT industries and biological science are apt illustration. While for those ones whose objects are too vague and speculative, governments have to be circumspect but do not restrict.
For instance, government needn't cost a lot to back archeology, but no leaders of one nation have oppressed it simply because of its vague benefits.
Only when the research has involved serious issues about human world does the government must intervene.

We need science to ensure us of continuing development to the unknown future, and at the same time, we cannot reach our goal without the government. To find a point of counterbalance between scientific research and governmental regulation, administrators should get to know the characteristics of specific scientific research, and scientists must conduct their study basing on the fundamental principles.
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自己没改，可能比较糟糕，改的童鞋狠拍吧

seiranzcc1UID: 2514067

ISSUE88
Today we are bathing in the sea of rapid development that technologies bring to us.  Few will Dispute that our life style has been subtly influenced by all these technological advancement, and hence our social customs and ethics are getting changed. As a matter of fact, apart from changing those social norms, technology is creating them as well. ( Yet the idea that technology is playing a role of determining our customs and ethics is susceptive to be an exaggeration.)【这句要不要删。。。。】

No one can express it exactly how our life has changed with every breakthrough of technology. Due to this kind of social upheaval, quite a lot of social conception has been changed.  The Industry of Revolution brought about the great incensement of productivity, and the sharply-growing accumulation of capital has influenced the social conception in a large scale. With the appearing ideas of equal competition, the old shackles of feudal overlords were gradually going away and the concept of freedom and liberation had substituted it. Therefore, the social customs and ethics had experienced significant changes. Since technology enables us to achieve what we could not reach before, the social customs and ethics will change with these new things because people's minds are influenced by these changes.

Moreover, with the rapid technological development, the international communication is more and more frequent. Therefore, different culture is influencing each other and even being merged into each other. This cultural and social globalization has brought great changes in most countries' social customs and ethics. For example, the occidental ideas of liberation and freedom could be transmitted into east world along with the technological skills because of the development of vehicles.  Take a look at modern Japan. This country has been greatly turned into an industrialized capitalistic country from a traditional eastern insularity after Meiji Restoration, which is initiated by the people who were educated in a western way because of the development of navigation. Furthermore, the new technology has influenced so much of Japanese social customs and ethics that now we call it a westernized country.  In modern times, one apt illustration is that the films that are spread over the world by the satellites. Because of the new population of movies, different culture has been transmitted and has great effect on other ones.

While technology has changed our social conceptions a lot, it is not the dominant determination of social customs and ethics. A specific type of social customs and ethics is formed based on the ingrained cultural and historical background of one country. So even modern technology has made a lot of old ideas deserted, most of those reserved ones have characters of the nation's culture rather than the mode of industry. Moreover, to preserve its own characteristics of a nation is quite crucial for a country to keep its position in the trend of globalization. So we can see a lot of mutation of culture, but the culture itself is not changed in essence, they are still one of most important part of an independent country.

In sum, technologies have had significant influences on our social customs and ethics, but its function is to change rather than determine it. Human beings need history and culture to keep the fundamental spirits in this world which is full of taste of technology.