习作 0910G issue&Arguement【Splendid sun】第四次作业by swekimn

swekimnUID: 2649781

7. "The video camera provides such an accurate and convincing record of contemporary life that it has become a more important form of documentation than written records."
摄像机可以通过如此精确而有力的记录手段来再现当代生活，因此它已经代替书面记录成为了一种更重要的记录手段。
记录手段：现代摄像机和印刷术
提纲：
开头：在日常生活中由于
V的便利性及生动性越来越受人们的欢迎，V在事物记录的具体刻画上（细节）有着W不可比拟的效果，V能够再次真实地反映事物的具体特征，即二次重现
1、
让步，V尽管有很多好处，但是远没有W重要，W 可以浓缩信息，可以指出事物的特征，在记录上可以挖掘出V表面上不能挖掘的东西，更可以通过渲染来对事物进行分析，V在这一点上相差甚远，也即记录的深度不同W往往可以包含更深层次的东西。比如父母留给孩子们的照片，背面总是写着几段文字，表达自己的情感。
2、
w在documentation的传播上所具有的优势也是很大的。比如说便条，很精确简练的说明目的、计划等等。又如，我们现在仍然使用信件，无论是工作需要还是亲人朋友。W还可以更主观地记录一个人的感觉，比如diary，所以也是记录生活某些部分时的advantage。
3、
但是W在交流的时候还是受到一定的限制的，比如教育程度，有些人可能读不懂你要表达的想法，这就需要V绘声绘色的传达思想。目前看似V因为物资财力所限，不能普及，但随着科技进步，V可能不在被设备所制约，成本可能更低。V的客观性方便性所带来的种种好处，在某些重大决策、重大处理上的所起的作用逐渐明显，例如：公司在重大决策陈述或者学术陈述上以v的形式展示。
总结：很明显，W使我们的日常生活更加丰富，更富有感情色彩，更主观的纪录自己的想法、观念。这是不能被任何东西取代的。它的重要性也是V不能取代的。
全文：
In our daily life the video camera seemed as convenience and vivid which is more and more popular by society and individual. The video has his own trait, such as reflect the metal and factual of the subject, which called as second recurrence. It is more unparalleled depict in idiographic effect than written records.
Though the video camera has some many merit but can’t instead the written records. The written records have more advantage than video camera in some fields. For instance, the written records can condense the information, such as wrap-ups, comments which we can get information quickly anywhere. What’s more, we can dig deeper inherent meaning by written records that video can’t express. Besides, written can embellish and analysis the affairs, in this point that video have a far cry with written. We will found the written records have more depth than video camera. This is one of value about written. For example, our parents always gift us some old pictures, and at the back of pictures which will have been written some words or stores about it that heart, care and thought from parents, which video can’t voice. The written reflect the emotion and feelings which will make us comfortable and happiness, which could not be replaced by video.
Furthermore, the written records in documentation have more superiority for spread and transmit. For example, such as notes which can accurate and concise to describe plans, intentions and so on. Another example, for instance, however the technology and science development, the degree of letter could not be canceled, we use it for work needs and relative with friends. General speaking, the written records can deliver oneself of feelings subjectively, such as dairy which can log the details of daily life.
Whereas, the written records maybe restrict in some converse instance, such as education grade, the illiterates who have no capability to read, and the written records look like no use for these people. When face the situation, we need the video which can express matters and ideas much more vividly and colourfully. Now because the limit of the material and financial, the video camera could not promulgate to public. But with the development of the technology and science, the cost of the equipments will be decrease and the bulk of apparatus will be miniaturize. Additionally, the video can exhibit the thoughts and ideas objectively. When we settle the important policies or deals, the function of the video will be more and more extrude and distinct. For example, the video conference gradually popular in business fields which can solve the company urgent need problems and save the company’s resource and make the staff work more efficiency.

Obviously, written records make our daily life more abundance, more emotion, more subjective , all of these could not replace by video. To the point, written records have more important status than video camera in the documentation.

swekimnUID: 2649781

51.The following appeared in a medical newsletter.

"Doctors have long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after severe muscle strain. This hypothesis has now been proved by preliminary results of a study of two groups of patients. The first group of patients, all being treated for muscle injuries by Dr. Newland, a doctor who specializes in sports medicine, took antibiotics regularly throughout their treatment. Their recuperation time was, on average, 40 percent quicker than typically expected. Patients in the second group, all being treated by Dr. Alton, a general physician, were given sugar pills, although the patients believed they were taking antibiotics. Their average recuperation time was not significantly reduced. Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment."

医生长期以来怀疑严重肌肉扭伤后的二次感染妨碍了一些患者迅速康复。这一假说现在被一项对两组患者的研究的初步结果所证实。第一组患者全部由专攻运动医学的Dr. Newland治疗肌肉损伤，他们在疗程中经常服用抗生素。他们的康复期平均比通常预期的快40％。二组患者由综合医师Dr. Alton治疗，他们被给予糖丸，而患者相信他们在服用抗生素。他们的平均康复时间没有明显缩短。因此，任何被确诊为肌肉损伤的患者应被建议服用抗生素作为辅助治疗。
提纲：
1、        In this experimental control group, we short of other elements, such as the patient’s age, gender, and the muscle injuries status etc. Maybe the first group of patients less severe than the second one, and so that they are convalesce more quickly and strongly.
2、        In the argument, the two doctors use antibiotics and sugar pills for the patients. the author ignore a series of basic discriminative between the two objects, for instance, maybe the sugar pills can countervail the patients renew, and indeed, inhibit their recuperation time. Besides, the argument don’t refer such experiment that the group of patients have no pill or other drug. Maybe in this case, the patients take nothing will convalesce more quickly. While the two doctor have different major, maybe the Dr. Newland excel at heal the muscle injuries and the patient convalesce by his cure.
3、        The average recuperation time was not significantly reduced don’t mean they take more time to convalesce.
4、        Only the antibiotic is the best effective treatment for the patients. Maybe other drugs would more efficacious.
5、        The argument suspect the secondary infection may impede the patients take long time healing. How to avoid the secondary infection would be the crux for the patients?      
正文：
In this argument the author conclude that take antibiotic as part of the treatment would be well efficacious in cure the secondary infection that impede the patients convalesce, but he ignore some of basic and integrant elements for experiment. I will demonstrate several evidences for the fallacy of this argument.
Firstly, in this experimental control group, we short some information for the patient, such as ages, gender, the muscle injures and so on. Maybe the first group less severe than the second one, in that case, it is reasonable for the first group convalesce more quickly. It is also likely that the first group younger than the second, and their body strength and vigor, and their histiocyte have strong recycled and self-repair ability, so the first group spends less recuperation time. what’s more, whether the two groups treatment in the same surrounding, if not, there is the possibility that the external factors lead to the different renew time. For example, maybe the second group in the badly location such as Siberian where the cold weather go against the patient’s health and convalesce.  
Secondly, in the argument the two doctors use antibiotics and sugar pills for the patients. the author ignore a series of basic discriminative between the two objects, for instance, maybe the sugar pills can countervail the patients renew, and even inhibit their recuperation time. Besides, the argument doesn’t refer such experiment that the group of patients who have no pill or other drug. Maybe in this case, the patients take nothing will convalesce more quickly. While the two doctors have different major, maybe the Dr. Newland excels in heal the muscle injuries and the patient convalesce by his cure. For instance, the Dr. Newland give more attention kinetic for the patient and emphasize the body sport, but the Dr. Alton inverse, he concern the rest and drug , because of the patients lack activity, so they body convalesce slowly. We can also assume that the two groups have other different variables for the experiment, such as except the antibiotic and sugar pills that the patient take, what’s about other medicines the patients eat during the experiment. Meanwhile, we may suppose the second group have other disease, such as mental illness, for example, anxiety syndrome may make the patient feel doldrums, dread, tension and so no , and the terrible symptom lead they convalesce slowly. It is possible that the second group have other physical injuries not only the muscle strain, which of the main cause for they spend more recuperation time.
In addition, the average recuperation time was not significantly reduced don’t mean they take more time to convalesce. The author unfairly equates the recuperation time to the treatment effect. Maybe the second group has better status after heal than the first one. Besides, the second one has been eradicated the muscle injury, but the first group not. We also get informed that the antibiotic is the best effective treatment for the patients in this argument. Does the antibiotic is the only way? What’s about other drugs? And what the other drugs compare with antibiotic? The argument does not supply such information. The argument can also suspect the secondary infection may impede the patients take long time healing. How to avoid the secondary infection maybe the crux for the patients? Why do the doctors have to wait the patients get secondary infection so that take antibiotic for them? Why do they treat more careful in the first injury?
To make this argument logically more acceptable, the author would have to show all the experiments data. Additionally, to buttress the conclusion, the author should provide concrete evidence and demonstrate that the experiment is taken in objectivity and all the test parameter are stability.