0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第二十一期——HOCs\LOCs

草木也知愁UID: 2487572

0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】汇总贴 & DAY I 主谓一致
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第二期——情态动词
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第三期——冠词、数词
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第四期——虚拟语气
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第五期——倒装
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第六期——从句
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第七期——名词
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第八期——代词
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第九期——动词的时态
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第十期——连词
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第十一期——动词、动词语态
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第十二期——动词不定式、分词、动名词
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第十三期——独立主格、特殊词
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第十四期——Active and Passive Voice
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第十五期——Apostrophe & Hyphens
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第十六期——Parallel Structure
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第十七期——Commas
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第十八期——Dangling Modifiers
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第十九期——Capital Letters
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第二十期——Spelling
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第二十一期——HOCs\LOCs
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第二十二期——Sentence Clarity& Fragments
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第二十三期——R&S Punctuation Patterns
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第二十四期——Punctuation
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第二十五期——Articles: A versus An
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第二十六期——How to Use Articles (a/an/the)
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第二十七期——Count and Noncount Nouns
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第二十八期——In/Dependent Clauses
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第二十九期——Adjective or Adverb
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第三十一期——Appositives
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第三十期——Adjectives and Adverbs
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第三十二期——Irregular Verbs
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第三十三期——Numbers
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第三十四期——Prepositions
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第三十五期——Pronouns
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第三十六期——Subject/Verb Agreement
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第三十七期——Verb Tenses
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第三十八期——Parts of Speech Overview
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第三十九期——Quotation Marks
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第四十期——Transitions
0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第四十一期——Phrasal& idioms


Higher Order Concerns (HOCs) and Lower Order Concerns (LOCs)

This resource was written by Purdue OWL.
Last full revision by .
Last edited by Allen Brizee on November 15th 2007 at 11:01AM
Summary: This handout discusses the common Higher Order Concerns (HOCs) and Lower Order Concerns in writing.

Higher Order Concerns (HOCs) and Lower Order Concerns (LOCs)

When you are revising your papers, not every element of your work should have equal priority. The most important parts of your paper, often called "Higher Order Concerns (HOCs)," are the "big picture" elements such as thesis or focus, audience and purpose, organization, and development. After you have addressed these important elements, you can then turn your attention to the "Lower Order Concerns (LOCs)," such as sentence structure and grammar.

Keep in mind, however, that moving between HOCs and LOCs might be a natural process for you. Experienced writers may begin with HOCs and dip into the LOCs as they revise. Inexperienced writers may revise systematically through the HOCs and then the LOCs. In addition, LOCs, such as punctuation and spelling, may affect HOCs. For example, if the first sentence of your introductory paragraph is riddled with punctuation and spelling errors, readers may not move far enough into your work to get to your thesis statement. In these cases, you should address LOCs first.

Some HOCs

Thesis or focus:

·Does the paper have a central thesis?
·Can you, if asked, offer a one-sentence explanation or summary of what the paper is about?
·Ask someone to read the first paragraph or two and tell you what he or she thinks the paper will discuss.

Audience and purpose:

·Do you have an appropriate audience in mind? Can you describe them?
·Do you have a clear purpose for the paper? What is it intended to do or accomplish?
·Why would someone want to read this paper?
·Does the purpose match the assignment?

Organization:

·Does the paper progress in an organized, logical way?
·Go through the paper and jot down notes on the topics of the various paragraphs. Look at this list and see if you can think of a better organization.
·Make a brief outline. Does the organization make sense? Should any part be moved to another part?
·Ask someone to read the paper. At the end of each paragraph, ask the person to forecast where the paper is headed. If the paper goes in a direction other than the one forecasted by the reader, is there a good reason, or do you need to rewrite something there?

Development:

·Are there places in the paper where more details, examples, or specifics are needed?
·Do any paragraphs seem much shorter and in need of more material than others? (For more help, see our handout on paragraphing.)
·Ask someone to read the paper and comment if something is unclear and needs more description, explanation, or support.

Some LOCs

Sentence structure, punctuation, word choice, spelling

·Are there a few problems that frequently occur? Keep a list of problems that recur and check for those.
·Read the paper aloud watching and listening for anything that sounds incorrect.
·Ask yourself why you put punctuation marks in certain places. Do you need to check any punctuation rules? (For more help see our handouts on punctuation.)
·For possible spelling errors, proofread backwards, from the end of a line to the beginning.

草木也知愁UID: 2487572

update

小灵易碎UID: 2733622

小灵的学习笔记
觉得本次语法跟AWINTRO的要求很像

Keep in mind, however, that moving between HOCs and LOCs might be a natural process for you. Experienced writers may begin with HOCs and dip into the LOCs as they revise.
写作的时候按照重要性逐渐增加的原则，校对的时候按照重要性逐渐减低的原则

Thesis or focus:

·Does the paper have a central thesis? 中心主题
·Can you, if asked, offer a one-sentence explanation or summary of what the paper is about? 一句话概况主题
·Ask someone to read the first paragraph or two and tell you what he or she thinks the paper will discuss. 能不能在第一段或第二段被读懂

Audience and purpose:

·Do you have an appropriate audience in mind? Can you describe them? 确定读者群
·Do you have a clear purpose for the paper? What is it intended to do or accomplish?写作目的
·Why would someone want to read this paper?激发读者兴趣
·Does the purpose match the assignment? 目的和写作是否一致

Organization:

·Does the paper progress in an organized, logical way? 逻辑组织
·Go through the paper and jot down notes on the topics of the various paragraphs. Look at this list and see if you can think of a better organization. 改善整体组织结构
·Make a brief outline. Does the organization make sense? Should any part be moved to another part? 条理清晰顺畅
·Ask someone to read the paper. At the end of each paragraph, ask the person to forecast where the paper is headed. If the paper goes in a direction other than the one forecasted by the reader, is there a good reason, or do you need to rewrite something there?

Development:

·Are there places in the paper where more details, examples, or specifics are needed? 细节需要
·Do any paragraphs seem much shorter and in need of more material than others? (For more help, see our handout on paragraphing.)
·Ask someone to read the paper and comment if something is unclear and needs more description, explanation, or support.

Some LOCs

Sentence structure, punctuation, word choice, spelling

·Are there a few problems that frequently occur? Keep a list of problems that recur and check for those. 总结自己的常见错误并对照着找错
·Read the paper aloud watching and listening for anything that sounds incorrect.
·Ask yourself why you put punctuation marks in certain places. Do you need to check any punctuation rules? (For more help see our handouts on punctuation.)
·For possible spelling errors, proofread backwards, from the end of a line to the beginning.

rushtosummerUID: 2735551

Rushtosummer的学习笔记（21）HOCs\LOCs
Higher Order Concerns (HOCs) and Lower Order Concerns (LOCs)
The most important parts of your paper, often called "Higher Order Concerns (HOCs)," are the "big picture" elements such as thesis or focus, audience and purpose, organization, and development.
"Lower Order Concerns (LOCs)," such as sentence structure and grammar.
Some HOCs
Thesis or focus:
·
Does the paper have a central thesis?
·
Can you, if asked, offer a one-sentence explanation or summary of what the paper is about?
·
Ask someone to read the first paragraph or two and tell you what he or she thinks the paper will discuss.
Audience and purpose:
·
Do you have an appropriate audience in mind? Can you describe them?
·
Do you have a clear purpose for the paper? What is it intended to do or accomplish?
·
Why would someone want to read this paper?
·
Does the purpose match the assignment?
Organization:
·
Does the paper progress in an organized, logical way?
·
Go through the paper and jot down notes on the topics of the various paragraphs. Look at this list and see if you can think of a better organization.
·
Make a brief outline. Does the organization make sense? Should any part be moved to another part?
·
Ask someone to read the paper. At the end of each paragraph, ask the person to forecast where the paper is headed. If the paper goes in a direction other than the one forecasted by the reader, is there a good reason, or do you need to rewrite something there?
Development:
·
Are there places in the paper where more details, examples, or specifics are needed?
·
Do any paragraphs seem much shorter and in need of more material than others?
·
Ask someone to read the paper and comment if something is unclear and needs more description, explanation, or support.
Some LOCs
Sentence structure, punctuation, word choice, spelling
For possible spelling errors, proofread backwards, from the end of a line to the beginning.