And when faulting happened, it was . . . well, one layer was forced by rocks above down through the layers below.
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Look at this diagram. Here's an example of an anticline. As you can see, the oil is trapped under a formation of rock that resembles an arch. That's because the arch was bent from a previously flat formation by uplifting. In this anticline, the petroleum is trapped under a formation of nonporous rock with a gas deposit directly over it. (oil 和gas 是啥关系啊)This is fairly typical of an anticline. Because gas isn't as dense as oil, it rises above it. The dome over the top can be rock as in this example, or it could be a layer of clay.
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The important thing is that the cap of nonporous material won't let the oil or gas pass upwards or sideways around it . Now let's look at a diagram of a salt dome. This salt dome shows how a cylinder-shaped salt deposit has pushed up through a layer of sedimentary rocks, causing them to arch and fracture. The oil deposits have collected along the sides of the salt dome. Salt is a unique substance. With enough heat and pressure on it, the salt will slowly flow, kind of like a glacier, but unlike glaciers, salt that's buried below the surface of the Earth can move upward until it reaches the Earth's surface, where it's then dissolved by groundwater or . . . rain. Well, to get all the way to the Earth's surface, salt has to lift and break through many layers of rock. And that's what ultimately creates the salt dome. (不是讲石油和天然气吗。。。。)
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我是文科学生,麻烦同学们给我翻译一下,我实在理解不了~~~蓝色的字是完全不理解的。其余就算单词都认识,也不知道是怎么回事~~& ?: L4 T8 w4 H