1006G adammaksim的备考日记--杀G需用宰牛刀

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还是阅读
继续偷懒~明天考完再说

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The Apostrophe


The apostrophe has three uses:
1.to form possessives of nouns （构成所有个）
2.to show the omission of letters （）
3.to indicate certain plurals of lowercase letters
Forming Possessives of Nouns

Hyphen Use
1.Use a hyphen to join two or more words serving as a single adjective before a noun

2.Use a hyphen with compound numbers
3.Use a hyphen to avoid confusion or an awkward combination of letters
4.Use a hyphen with the prefixes ex- (meaning former), self-, all-; with the suffix -elect; between a prefix and a capitalized word; and with figures or letters
5.Use a hyphen to divide words at the end of a line if necessary, and make the break only between syllables
6.For line breaks, divide already hyphenated words only at the hyphen
7.For line breaks in words ending in -ing, if a single final consonant in the root word is doubled before the suffix, hyphenate between the consonants; otherwise, hyphenate at the suffix itself
8.Never put the first or last letter of a word at the end or beginning of a line, and don't put two-letter suffixes at the beginning of a new line

一直想搞清楚的标点符号~

adammaksimUID: 2675466

今天做完翻译 又不剩多少时间~
明天总算是可以有点空闲
sign
明天还是考6级的日子
话说从6级到现在是没怎么搞过作文了
哎  我的AW~~

adammaksimUID: 2675466

摘抄：The three Ds—death, debt and divorce—still deliver works of art to the market.  
sheikhdom n. 酋长国
eye-watering  adj. 让人流泪的，难以接受的（这就是所谓的泪目吧- -）
put the wind up  使。。。紧张不安起来
chalk up    记下  取得
blow the whistle     检举，揭发


Christie’s, which had blown the whistle on the commission-fixing
quoted company = listed company上市公司


About half the market’s business, reckons Ms McAndrew of Arts Economics, is conducted at public auctions, with Christie’s and Sotheby’s taking the lion’s share.
                  Lion's Share is an expression that has come to mean the larger of two amounts, or more often, the largest of several amounts.



In Paris Galerie Segoura has closed, as has Salvatore Romano in Florence.一个不错的结构


blockbuster  n. something very successful, especially a very successful book or film/movie


comments: While art market seems a strange field for me, this report gives out some clues  for outsiders like me to understand how this huge profit-making machine operates.  The report inform us with the total wealth growing throughout the world, this market will be a win-win game for both the sellers and buyers. Unlike those people see in museums for mental enjoyment, in this market, art works degenerate to a form of wealthy people's investment. From this report, I learn a lot of interesting knowledge. However, this art market does not seem friendly to us common people. As I see, it's just bussiness.

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tenaciously=坚定不移地



hint at



play up=emphasize



reserve currency= a currency which is held in significant quantities by many governments and institutions as part of their foreign exchange reserves.



in effect



chafe at



FDI=foreign direct investment



the status qou=原来的状态



drain one's strength



China may have growing financial muscle          economist很喜欢用的一个比喻








Between the communist victory in 1949 and President Richard Nixon’s historic visit to China in 1972 there had been as little contact between the two countries as there is between America and North Korea today.













comments:



This is not a fresh topic for me. With its fast developing economy and growing foreign exchange reserves (most dollars), a stronger China in both politics and military is not surprising. Unlike a 'concealing one's ability and bide one's time' one in the past, now China is actively delivering his influence throughout the world. In a debate held by the Economist recently argued about whether China is showing more leadership than the America in fight against the climate change, 70% people voted yes. And when facing the financial crisis, China also presents itself as a responsible nation that can be trusted by others.



Maybe a time of G2 will finally come someday, however, before this idea comes true, we should wait patiently. Partly attributed to China's so-called authoritarian, in dealing with some big problems like climate change and natural disaster Chinese government can work faster and more effectively than its counterpart in America and implements some important policies which seem impossible in democracy. But as it is said in this report China has its own problems which may be masked by the revealing economy prosperity. Like an earthquake, it will be too late when those problems gather enough power to attract our attention.

adammaksimUID: 2675466

laid-back  having a relaxed style or character


Saddled(vt. 使负担 n. 马鞍) with


credit rating= A credit rating estimates the credit worthiness of an individual, corporation, or even a country. It is an evaluation made by credit bureaus of a borrower’s overall credit history.A credit rating is also known as an evaluation of a potential borrower's ability to repay debt, prepared by a credit bureau at the request of the lender


shenanigans：恶作剧 好像来自一部动画片


After two days of rumination, Pimco’s laid-back sophisticates concluded that the financial markets may well “revert to mean”, which is a statistician’s way of saying that what comes down must go up.   从这句话里读出一些讽刺的意味~


fitfully   adv.间断的，时断时续的


That phrase has caught on（流行）


“The banking system will be a shadow of its former self,”（瘦骨如柴） and the securitisation markets, which buy and sell marketable bundles of debt, will presumably be a shadow of a shadow. （瘦骨如柴的加强版~~）


shepherd  n.羊倌


harbor  vt.to hold especially persistently in the mind  熟词辟意~~


bounce back 反弹


mothball：封存用的卫生球
引申为封存


balance-sheet In financial accounting, a balance sheet or statement of financial position is a summary of the financial balances of a sole proprietorship, a business partnership or a company.


capital requirements：The capital requirement is a bank regulation, which sets a framework on how banks and depository institutions must handle their capital.

make hay : 抓紧时机  来自一句谚语 to make hay while the sun shines

so many new words and terms....


comments:


As it is said in this report “overinvestment and overspeculation…would have far less serious results were they not conducted with borrowed money.”,overinvestment and over speculation may be the fundamental reasons for the economic crisis. As to me, this disaster is inevitable because it is part of a American Dream. Since it was express by James Truslow Adams in 1931, American Dream has deeply rooted in American's minds and become the best reason to migrate to America. This idea makes citizens of every rank belivev they can achieve a "better, richer and happier life." And at most of the time the soaring economy reinforce people's confidence about their future. Thus unlike the cautious Chinese who save their money in banks in case of emergency, Americans tend to enjoy their future happiness immediately with borrowed money. However when economy growth cannot be stimulated by domestic demand anymore, it's time for Americans to pay for their dreams with their own money.

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终于到economist debate了~粉长粉长。。。

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comments 还没写完。。。
啊
平安夜啊。。。。
大家快乐啊~~

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disgrace
v.使丢脸
n.耻辱

mediocre
adj. of moderate or low quality, value, ability or performence

Robert Nardelli :
CEO of Chrysler

Carly Fiorina :an executive vice president at AT&T

continue to make out like bandits

galore
: abundant, plentiful


scapegoat:
替罪羊

consistent with： 与。。。一致

S&P ：
standard & poor’s

private equity ：In finance, private equity is an asset class consisting of equity securities in operating companies that are not publicly traded on a stock exchange.
私募基金

arm's length ：
the condition or fact that the parties to a transaction are independent and on an equal footing

crony：a close friend especially at long standing
cronyism : partiality to cronies

in the top decile
应该是前十吧

Talented individuals, who are perceived to be valuable




perverse adj. 刚愎自用的

subprime disaster
n. 次级债危机

dominoes n. 多米诺骨牌 topple the dominoes

panglossian adj. marked by the view that all is for the best in this best of possible worlds

ground zero : the starting point for an activity

taxs on the inputed income: 所得税

meekly adv. 温顺地

write-down n. 账面资产贬值

outlier n.局外人

in my comments

at the extreme 有点极端

Summary and comments:
In Mr. Kaplan’s opening remark, he wanted to make us believe that criticisms about CEOs’ being overpaid are exacerbated. He bases his debate on two points. First, while CEOs earn a lot, they are not unique. And compared to other highly paid groups like hedge fund managers, consultants and lawyers, the money CEOs earn is not so much. Second, the boards are not controlled by CEOs; CEOs payment is driven by the market force. However, for Ms. Minow, the excessive executive compensation mostly contributes to the current economic mess.
In my comments, Mr. Kaplan’s debate is more persuasive and objective with the clear reasoning and detailed information. And Ms. Minow seems to pay too much attention to some extreme examples making her debate subjective and less cogency.Actually It’s hard to imagine the board will pay highly for a CEO who cannot bring profits to the shareholders in a market where everyone is eager to maximize their benefits. Moreover they often face a lot of pressure from their shareholders and boards driving them to live a high-paced life which is both a psychological and physiological heavy burden. As the value of a CEO is mainly determined by their former performance and experience, a CEO’s career is much like a politician’s, no mistake is permitted. Considering the cost and time it takes to become a successful CEO, to some extent, their highly payment is reasonable.

adammaksimUID: 2675466

？？ 55# 十指紧扣

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prop up  支持，资助

the rank and file  file：a row of persons, animals,or things arranged one behind the other

oust  : to remove or dispossess

It it worth adding that David Yermack is a noted researcher on CEO pay who studies large samples over long periods.

preponderance 优势

leverage 杠杆作用

CFO=cheif financial officer

oxymoron 矛盾修饰法

outright ad./aj.  坦率地，彻底地

be uncoupled from  与什么无关（解耦）

likelihood=possibility  

Equilar=Equilar is a California-based company that provides information about total executive compensation packages of the top officers at publicly traded companies.

whatsoever ad.(用于否定语气中加强语气)任何  
that has no relationship whatsoever to their pay   

boatloads of money   boatloads of = lots of

out of whack  not working together correctly

phony adj.假的

Once again, Wall Street is all about capitalism when it comes to the upside, but all about socialism when it comes to the downside, that is, from each, according to his ability, to each, whatever he can get away with.
each 就指 downside     后一个应该是指upside        整体的意思应该是说在华尔街大部分下层的钱被共产主义了，来养活那些少数的高层



comments: In their rebuttal statements both sides present more insightful debates. And once again I choose to support Mr. Kaplan's side.As I have said in yesterday's comments the fundamental difference between Mr. Kaplan and Ms. Minow in giving evidence is Mr. Kaplan tend to inform us with accurate date, "the plural of anecdote", which contributes to his argument's objection and persuasion and, to the contrast, Ms. Minow once again focuses to much on some examples.



However, today's remark also reveals some flaws of Mr. Kaplan's debate. First, he gives out few evidence to demonstrate outstanding bosses can boost the performance the organizations they head, which is significant to strengthen his  reasoning. Second, as Ms. Minow points out, Mr. Kaplan's bringing in of law firm partners, athletes and other highly-paid professionals as frame of reference for CEOs is unreasonable, for "CEOs enjoys the unique privilege to appoint the people who decide their pay."Third, in some cases, for example the golden parachutes, Mr. Kaplan's claim that CEO is paid for their performance is untenable.

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麦太纸包G小组于今天诞生了

作业明天补上。。。

敛寒影UID: 2613052

来踩一个！组长加油！:victory:

adammaksimUID: 2675466

keep abreast of  与。。。并肩，跟上。。的脚步

wind up  以。。。终结

debug  to remove insects from,eliminate  

dog-eared  翻旧了的，卷角了的

at the last count  根据最新的数据

heaven forbid  但愿。。。不要发生  heaven forbid that...

ditch : to get rid of =discard

jumble  使混乱

entropy  熵

thereafter  adv.之后，以后  
comments:
This article is interesting and gives us some useful information about the passwords in a humorous tone. Encryption, as a subject, has existed for a long time since people evolved with the need to protect their secrets. It is widely used form Da Vinci’s cryptex as described in Dan Brown’s mysterious-novel to the passwords people used in their daily life. In order to have a impenetrable vault for our secrets and private information, it is wise to follow the author’s advise to lengthen our passwords and raise its complexity and randomness.
However, after creating our unbreakable passwords, the main problem is how to remember them. Fortunately, in hope of the development of bio-identification technology, someday we can replace the alphanumeric passwords with our inherent symbols like fingerprints or iris which we never lose.