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婧榭居士UID：2852563

1ST/AUG

0727
People Initially Overestimate Then Later Underestimate Their Abilities
Have you ever bought a new electronic device, or tried a newactivity, and then dropped it because you were sure you couldn’tpossibly master it? Well, don’t give up so quickly.
Researchers performed six experiments that involved subjects tryingout new tasks—including drawing an image from looking at its reflectionin a mirror, and learning to type on a new kind of keyboard. Theparticipants were asked how long it would take them to learn the task.They tended to be overconfident and thought they’d do better on thefirst try than they actually did.
Then, after trying, they were asked how quickly they’d become good at it. But this time they were pessimistic and thought it’d take them longer to learn than it actually did. The study is in the Journal of Consumer Research.
The findings are relevant because many new consumer goods are quickly tossed aside. It could be because people initially think that their fancy new mp3 player will be easy– then after they try, they’re sure they’ll never be able to master it. So you will be able to ski—or use that iPad—later than you expected, but sooner than you think.
Fancy adj. 1. 昂贵的, 高档的2. 别致的, 花式的, 花哨的3. 空想出来的，根据想象的；异想天开的4. (价格等)高价的；昂贵的5. 技艺高超的；高难度的6. (动物)品种珍贵的，供观赏的7. 杂色的8. (构思者)奇特的，异样的9. [美国俚语]真棒，漂亮极了，非常好
Be tossed aside被抛到一边


========================
later than you expected, but sooner than you think.??这句话什么意思吖？

touchanceUID：2604018

August,1st
Global Warming is Undeniable
Global warming first emerged clearly in the 1990s and has become  more evident with each passing year. The last decade was the hottest such span on record and is very likely to be surpassed as the 21st century progresses. A new report from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration lists 10 indicators that global warming is happening now: Rising humidity, rising sea surface temperatures as well as heat stored in deep waters, shrinking sea ice ,glaciers and spring time snow cover, rising temperatures over land and sea, and rising sea levels. All point to a rapidly warming world and all are based on actual observations, from satellites high in the sky to meteorological stations in the middle of a Kansas corn field. You can debate how bad global warming will be or what to do about it but it's hard to deny it's happening any more. The physics of greenhouse gases trapping heat are clear. The politics are much murkier. Legislators' efforts to combat climate change have failed in the US, but the environmental protection agency plans to curb greenhouse gas emissions, noting that the rising temperatures and a dangerous human impact on climate are undeniable.

touchanceUID：2604018

August, 1st
Busting The Myth That Opposites Attract
Back in college astronomy class, I sat behind the guy who wore a T-shirt with this statement on the back: The best thing about the opposite sex is just how opposite they are.
Oh, it's not just a rule in physics, there is a strong cultural expression:opposites attract. Think
Herald and Maude, Pretty Woman, It Happened One Night, Hollywood has long known the law
of antitheses in love. But real research busts this myth. Psychologists map up such  evidence in a new book: Fifty Great Myths of Popular Psychology:shattering wide-spread misconceptions about human behavior. Psychologist Donn Byrne has found that we are twice
as likely to be attracted to someone when we agree on 6 out of 10 issues than we are with someone who we only agree with on 3 out of 10 issues. To be sure, the appeal of shared interest may be specific to long-term relationships. A 2006 University of Pennsylvania study of speed
dating found that daters said they wanted someone who had a similar background in education, religion, economic status and shared personality traits, yet when they were in the midst of the one-minute date, they made choices based on more immediate cues like physical attraction.In the speed dating environment, a bar surrounded by singles under the pressure of a ticking clock, daters made choices based on short-term mating criteria, that were more likely to lead to fast hook-ups, not necessarily long-lived love. So if it's the long haul you are searching for, best look beyond the cute face and hot body, let's see if you can carry the conversation beyond 60 seconds.

婧榭居士UID：2852563

2nd/aug

0728

Genetics Predisposes for Heavy Drinking After Watching Heavy Drinking

Spend any time in a bar, and sooner or later you’ll hear, “I’ll have what she’s having.” It sounds like a bad pickup line, but there may be an actual biological basis for this kind of alcohol copycat behavior .Because scientists have found that having the gene for a certain dopamine receptor could predispose you to being influenced by the sight of other people drinking.

Volunteers were ushered into a lab set up to look like a pub. They were asked to do some busywork, then told that during the break they should help themselves to some adult beverages. While they watched, shills planted by the scientists immediately liquored up. The study subjects were then tracked to see how much they drank after watching others toss ‘em back. When the plants could be seen having just one drink, all the subjects drank similar amounts. But when the plants had at least three drinks, some participants drank twice as much as others. And DNA tests showed that the heavier drinkers had a particular variant of a dopamine receptor called DRD4. The work appears in the journal psychological science. Next, the search for genes that
make people order drinks with those little umbrellas.



dopamine n.1. <生化>多巴胺
predispose vt.1. 使预先有倾向,使预先有意向2. 使易接受,使易受感染,有…的倾向3. 使倾向于做；使易于患(病)

shill 托

liquor n.1. 酒, 烈性酒2. 含酒精饮料
variant n.1. 变体;变种;变型

jiang08UID：2391146

8/2 Mars Rover Spirit Is Dead Silent--but May Not Be Dead



原文，选中可见：
As many of us broil in August heat, the Mars Rover Spirit is hunkered down to survive a far more brutal season—a Martian winter. Spirit’s been on Mars since January 2004 and already survived previous winters, which run from May through November. With sunlight reaching Spirit at a weak angle, the rover hibernates and uses the scant solar power to recharge batteries and heat itself to –40 degrees [Fahrenheit].

At least, that’s what’s happened in previous winters. This winter, the game little unit just doesn’t have enough juice to keep its heaters on, so temperatures inside the rover will plunge to a frigid –67 degrees Fahrenheit
.
When NASA scientists began signaling Spirit on July 26, they hoped to receive a communications beep back—but so far there’s only silence.

The researchers say that in about two months sunlight will start to increase again through March 2011. If we haven’t heard from Spirit by that point, then the likelihood is that we never will. The rover was designed to work on Mars for three months, but was mobile for more than five years. Now mission scientists wait through the Martian winter to see if this ET will phone home.

longxue26UID：2687755

As many of us broiling in August heat, the Mars Rover Spirit is hunkered down to survive a far more brutal season-- a Martian Winter. Spirit’s been on Mars since January 2004 and already survived previous winters which run from May through November, with sunlight reaching Spirit at a weak angle, the rover hibernates and uses the scant solar power to recharge batteries and heat itself to minus 40 degrees. At least that's what’s happened in previous winters. This winter the game little unite just doesn'thave enough juice<这里竟然是电流的意思> to keep its heaters on. So temperatures inside the rover will plunge to<急降> a frigid minus 67degrees Fahrenheit. When Nasa scientists began signaling spirit on July 26th.They hoped to receive a communications<这里是个专有名词>beep<又是吞音听不到> back.But so far there's only silence. The researchers say that in about two months sunlight will start to increase again through March 2011. If we haven't heard from Spirit by that point then the likelihood is that we never will. The rover was designed to work on Mars for 3 months but was mobile for more than 5 years. Nowmission scientists wait through the Martian winter to see if this ET will phonehome.

touchanceUID：2604018

Aug, 2nd
Mars Rover Spirit Is Dead Silent--but May Not Be Dead
As many of us broil in August heat, the Mars Rover Spirit is hunkered down to survive a far more brutal season---a Martian winter. Spirit's been on Mars since Jan,2004 and already survived previous winters which run from May through November, with sunlight reaching Spirit at a weak angle. Rover hibernates and uses the scant solar power to recharge batteries and heat itself to -40 degrees. At least, That's what happened in previous winters. This winter, the game little unit just doesn't have enough juice to keep its heaters on. So temperatures inside the Rover will plunge to a frigid -67 degrees Fahrenheit. When NASA scientists began signalling Spirit on July, 26th, they hoped to receive a communications beep back, but so far there is only silence. The researchers say that in about 2 months, sunlight will start to increase again through March, 2011. If we haven't heard from Spirit by that point, then the likelihood is that we never will. The Rover was designed to work on Mars for about 3 months but was mobile for more than 5 years. Now Mission scientists wait through the Martian winter to see if this E.T. will phone home.

婧榭居士UID：2852563

3rd/aug

0801
Global Warming Is Undeniable
Global warming first emerged clearly in the 1990s and has become more evident with each passing year. The last decade was the hottest such span on record and is very likely to be surpassed as the 21st century progresses.

A new report from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration lists 10 indicators that global warming is happening: rising humidity; rising sea-surface temperature as well as heat stored in deeper waters; shrinking sea ice, glacier and springtime snow cover; rising temperatures over land and sea; and rising sea levels.

All point to a rapidly warming world. And all are based on actual observations, from satellites high in the sky to meteorological stations in the middle of a Kansas
cornfield.

You can debate how bad global warming will be or what to do about it, but it's hard to deny it's happening anymore. The physics of greenhouse gases trapping heat are clear.

The politics are murkier. Legislative efforts to combat climate change have failed in the U.S. But the Environmental Protection Agency plans to curb greenhouse gas emissions—noting that rising temperatures and a dangerous human impact on climate are undeniable.

springtime  n. 1. 春季, 春天
shrinking    vt. & vi.1. 收缩; （使）缩水, 收缩, 缩小, 皱缩2. 退缩；畏缩                   n. 1. 精神病学家；心理学家
meteorological  adj.1. 与气象学有关的, 气象的
murkier     adj.更暗的
emission n.1. 排放,散发,发出(气体、光、热)2. 排放物；散发物；排泄物








each passing year 额。 这个是虾米意思?

jiang08UID：2391146

回ls，意思是：从1990年开始，全球变暖的现象一年比一年明显

jiang08UID：2391146

8/3：Physics Students Reveal Bias for Male Lecturers



原文，选中可见：
Why aren’t there more women physicists, and in senior positions? One factor may be unconscious biases that could keep women physicists from advancing—and may even prevent women from going into physics in the first place.

Amy Bug, a physicist at Swarthmore College, examined the bias question.* Her research team trained four actors—two men, two women—to give a 10-minute physics lecture. Real physics classes watched the lecturers. Then the 126 students were surveyed.

When it came to questions of physics ability—whether the lecturer had a good grasp of the material, and knew how to use the equipment—male lecturers got higher ratings by both male and female students.

But when asked how well the lecturer relates to the students, each gender preferred their own. And while female students gave a slight preference to female lecturers, male students overwhelmingly rated the male lecturers as being superior. The research appears in the journal Physics World.

Bug says the results may be evidence of inherent biases that could hold women back—along with economic inequalities, such as lower wages and smaller start-up grants. Which reduce career acceleration and thus the amount of force available to crack the glass ceiling.

桔子susanUID：2754084

back
8.3
听错了的
听漏了的
拼写错误
Why aren’t there more women physicists, and in senior positions? One factor may be unconscious biases that could keep women physicists from advancing—and may even prevent women from going into physics in the first place.
Amy Bug, a physicist at Swarthmore College, examined the bias question.* Her research team trained four actors—two men, two women—to give a 10-minute physics lecture. Real physics classes watched the lecturers. Then the 126 students were surveyed.
When it came to questions of physics ability—whether the lecturer had a good grasp of the material, and knew how to use the equipment—male lecturers got higher ratings by both male and female students.
But when asked how well the lecturer relates to the students, each gender preferred their own. And while female students gave a slight preference to female lecturers, male students overwhelmingly rated the male lecturers as being superior. The research appears in the journal Physics World.
Bug says the results may be evidence of inherent biases that could hold women back—along with economic inequalities, such as lower wages and smaller start-up grants. Which reduce career acceleration and thus the amount of force available to crack the glass ceiling.

bias：prejudice
glass ceiling：the term glass ceiling refers to situations where the advancement of a qualified person within the hierarchy of an organization is stopped at a lower level because of some form of discrimination, most commonly sexism or racism. However, since the term was coined, "glass ceiling" has also come to describe the limited advancement of the deaf, blind, disabled, retarded, useless and aged.

longxue26UID：2687755

Why aren't there more women physicists and in senior positions? one factore maybe unconcious biases that could keep woemen physicsis from advancing and may even prevent women from going into physics in the first place.
Amy Bug a physicist at Swarthmore university examined the bias question. Her research team trained four actors, two men two women to give a ten minutes' physics lecture. Real physics classes watched the lectures, then a hundred and twenty six students were surveyed. When it came the questions of physics ability, whether the lecture had a good grasp of the material and knew how to use the equipment, male lectures got higher ratings by both male and female students.
But when asked how well lecutre relates to the students, each gender prefered their own. And while female students gave a slight preference to female lectures, male students overwelmingly rated the male lectures as being superior. The research appears in the journal physics world.
Bug says the results may be evidence of inherent biases that could hold women back along with economic inequalities such as lower wages and smaller start-up grants<津贴> which reduce career acceleration and thus the amount of force available to crack the glass ceiling.

FannieHsuUID：2861996

As many of us broil in August heat, the Mars Rover Spirit is hunkered down to survive a far more brutal season—a Martian winter. Spirit’s been on Mars since January 2004 and already survived previous winters, which run from May through November. With sunlight reaching Spirit at a weak angle, the rover hibernates and uses the scant solar power to recharge batteries and heat itself to –40 degrees [Fahrenheit].
At least, that’s what’s happened in previous winters. This winter, the game little unit just doesn’t have enough juice to keep its heaters on, so temperatures inside the rover will plunge to a frigid –67 degrees Fahrenheit
When NASA scientists began signaling Spirit on July 26, they hoped to receive a communications beep back—but so far there’s only silence.
The researchers say that in about two months sunlight will start to increase again through March 2011. If we haven’t heard from Spirit by that point, then the likelihood is that we never will. The rover was designed to work on Mars for three months, but was mobile for more than five years. Now mission scientists wait through the Martian winter to see if this ET will phone home.

hardtripUID：2765231

0803


Why aren't there more women physicists and in senior positions. One factor may be unconscious biases that could keep women physicists from advancing and may even prevent women from going into physics in the first place.  


Amy bug, a physicist at Sworthmore University examined the bias question. Her research team trained four actors, two men two women, to give a ten-minute physic lecture. Real physic classes watched the lectures, then 126 students were surveyed. When it came to questions of physic ability whether the lectures had a good grasp of the material and knew how to use the equipment, male lecturers got higher ratings by both male and female students. But when asked how well the lecturer relates to the students, each gender prefer their own. And while female students gave a slight preference to female lecturers. Male students overwhelmingly rated the male lecturers as being superior. The research appears in the Journal Physics World.



Bug says the results may be evidence of inherent biases that could hold women back along with economic qualities such as lower wages and smaller start-up grants which reduce career acceleration and thus the amount of force available to crack the glass ceiling.



回家恶补作业啊！

touchanceUID：2604018

Aug 3rd
Physics Students Reveal Bias for Male Lecturers

Why aren't there more women physicists, and in senior positions? One factor may be unconscious biases that could keep women physicists from advancing and may even prevent women from going into physics in the first place. Amy Bug, a physicst at the Swarthmore University, examined the bias question. Her research team trained four actors, two men, two women, to give a 10 min physics lecture. Real physics classes watched the lecturers, then 126 students were surveyed. When it came to questions of physics ability, whether the lecturer had a good grasp of the material, and knew how to use the equipment, male lecturers got higher ratings by both male and female students. But when asked how well the lecturer relates to the students, each gender preferred their own, and when female students gave a slight preference to the female lecturers, male students overwhelmingly rated the male lecturers as being superior. The research appears in the journal Physics World. Bug says the research may be evidence of inherent biases that could hold women back along with economic inequality, such as lower wages and smaller start-up grants, which reduce career acceleration and thus the amount of force available to crack the glass ceiling.