Scientific American 60 Second Science听抄（有音频文件）

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

Ben Franklin said nothing certain but definite taxes. Today scientists might add global warming to that list. But most scientists are certain that more CO2 means toast the global. But they can’t pin down how much warm is going to add. If that sounds forecast only Heisenberg could to love, while too bad but that is just the way it is, an associates at University of Washington at Seattle, in October 26th issue of journal Science. The researchers woo the equations to help the climatologists the most current model. The current model run decade of data, predict we could look at the planet 2 degree Fahrenheit warmer or the chance could be close to 10, while the researchers discovered is that no matter how much data the scientists feed into their models, they’re never going to get precise as behind that. Perhaps fine encourage decision makers to act now rather than collect enough data before making any decisions about the environment. Or the like defend to inform about the worst scenarios could get the climate change escape the excuse to try the table for action.

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

Boulder, CO, USA - Soils may dictate the array of fall colors as much as the trees rooted in them, according to a forest survey out of North Carolina.
By taking careful stock and laboratory analyses of the autumn foliage of sweetgum and red maple trees along transects from floodplains to ridge-tops in a nature preserve in Charlotte, N.C., former University of North Carolina at Charlotte graduate student Emily M. Habinck found that in places where the soil was relatively low in nitrogen and other essential elements, trees produced more red pigments known as anthocyanins.
Habinck's discovery supports a 2003 hypothesis put forward to explain why trees bother to make red pigments, by plant physiologist William Hoch of Montana State University, Bozeman. Hoch found that if he genetically blocked anthocyanin production in red-leafed plants, their leaves were unusually vulnerable to fall sunlight, and so sent less nutrients to the plant roots for winter storage.
For trees living in nutrient-poor soils, then, it makes sense to produce more anthocyanins, which protect the leaves longer, so as much nutrient as possible can be recovered from leaves before winter sets in. It is, after all, the process of recovering of nutrients from leaves which turns leaves from green to yellow, orange and sometimes anthocyanin-red.
The trees Habinck studied appear to be acting in accordance with Hoch's hypothesis. "It makes sense that anthocyanin production would have a function, because it requires energy expenditure," said Habinck. Put in economic terms, anthocyanins are an investment made by stressed trees in situations where they stand to gain from the extra recovery of nutrients from leaves. It's not about the showy color, but about survival.
"The rainbow of color we see in the fall is not just for our personal human enjoyment -- rather, it is the trees going on about their lives and trying to survive," said Habinck's advisor, Martha C. Eppes, a soil scientist and assistant professor of Earth sciences at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Eppes will present the research at the Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Monday, 29 October, in Denver, CO.
The reason the soil-leaf color connection wasn't made long ago is partly because Hoch's hypothesis was needed to put it into perspective. It also might be that many plant researchers were missing the forest for the trees.
"I think that most of the work has been done by biologists looking at production of anthocyanins in trees themselves," said Eppes. They hadn't stepped back and looked at patterns of tree color.
Eppes wants to follow up Habinck's study with a wider analysis of satellite data showing tree color which can be compared to geological maps of the types of soils over large portions of land.

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

Fall is here and across the country leaves turn to their traditional all colors and always
along side many trees dye to bright brilliant yellow and some gold prompts leave pupils, kindergarteners and even scientists to ponder how can they do it. After all to take energy to produce all these pretty pigments, so why would the trees bother to do if these trees turn brown and fall off anyway. Now scientists at University of North Carolina think they know the dirty secret. It is the soil. Surveying sweetgum and red maple trees in the nature preserve in Charlotte, the North Carolina researchers found that poor soil produce more pigments. Result is just presented at annual meeting of Geological Society of American. They found back their discovery made in 2003 by a researcher at Montana who found block the production of red pigment in the plant likely to make them gradually lose their usual sense of sunlight. The super sensitive leaves deliver few nutriment to the plant. So when the soil is poor it make sense to make pigment to keep those leaves work longer, which is good for the trees and for the pupils.

[ 本帖最后由 kevinliu6883 于 2007-11-2 09:34 编辑 ]

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

Run Cosmology@Home only on computers that you own, or for which you have obtained the owner's permission. Some companies and schools have policies that prohibit using their computers for projects such as Cosmology@Home
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kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

Turning off computer at night can save energy, but you can leave it on here is something you might want to do with it: figure out secret of universe. Distributed computing projects quite difficult problems among numerous computers sometimes run on the world. Setting up a home project is a well known example which search radio telescope data for evidence of extra terrestrial signal. Another project looks for a special class of prime number called messen prime. Now there is a new distributed computing project called cosmology at home. The idea is that you’re useing your computer power can help cut-edge cosmology research. Computer comes up with prediction based on different theoretic models of universe that have different parameters. This prediction can then be compared with actual data that cosmologists generated, data such as acceleration of universe, the way galaxy is distributed, even the way microwave background radiation fluctuates. The model that makes prediction that agrees with real data is probably the one you can trust. The project is founded by the National Science Foundation. For more info, go to cosmologyathome.org.

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

Screaming, glowing, ambulance visited your living room. And captain punched patch and your doorbell rang. Nobody was there. This is Captain Martian, Happy Halloween. That is awesome well in his Mercury series version HG werewolves on October 30, 1938. The broadcast was designed sound like live discovery of invasion earth by Martians. And a lot of people are fearful for that. There was a small version of Mars for folks. There is not so scary. A lot of people get email claiming that in the next a few weeks the planet Mars will get close enough to the earth so that will appear to be about the same size as the moon. Our friends at sky telescope magazine reported the email dated back to 2003 mentioned that in a 75 times magnifying telescope, Mars will look bigger as moon does to the naked eyes. Someone along the line of the telescope park get lost. So don’t worry. Mars even at its closest is still small and safely far away. Happy Halloween!

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

It turns out where you grow up speaking English, “It is a scooper”. Mandarin “ah, liang zhi guo guo” or Span hilly. You learn by listen to your mother speak that simile and silly high pitch baby talk. “Zhe shi jin yu.” Researchers at University of Washington have discovered what’s special and apparently universal about baby talk. It turns out mother stretch vowels to make speech clear. And infants are so attracted to the high pitch talk and turn their heads to listen over and over.  You don’t do that when it confronts of normal adults speech. Researchers also found by just 12 months of age infants brain start to favor a specific language and the ability to understand foreign language starts to decline. But bringing kids grow up two languages may stay open to new sounds longer. There is no short cut to a mother or other adult make all these silly sounds.  “It is an ice cream scooper.” Research also shows infants learn virtually nothing from even high quality recording of baby talk. No, they don’t. No, they don’t.

wenjingli123UID: 2396489

:handshake  
hold on

wenjingli123UID: 2396489

it turns out whether
that seeming like silly
stretch for hours
favor us specific language
all this silly exams

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

thank you for correcting.
Hope more people join.

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

It turns out whether you grow up speaking English, “It is a scooper”. Mandarin “ah, liang zhi guo guo” or Span hilly. You learn by listen to your mother speak that seeming like silly high pitch baby talk. “Wu zhi xiao jin yu.” Researchers at University of Washington have discovered what’s special and apparently universal about baby talk. It turns out mother stretch vowels to make speech clear. And infants are so attracted to the higher pitch talk and turn their heads to listen over and over.  You don’t do that when it confronts of normal adults speech. Researchers also found by just 12 months of age infants brain start to favor a specific language and the ability to understand foreign language starts to decline. But bringing babies grow up two languages may stay open to new sounds longer. There is no short cut to a mother or other adult make all these silly sounds.  “It is an ice cream scooper.” Research also shows infants learn virtually nothing from even high quality recording of baby talk. No, they don’t. No, they don’t.

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

You’re chopping vegetables at the kitchen and the knives slips. Suddenly blood is dripping from a gush in your hand. You search for antibacterial ointment, but don’t have any.  But maybe something in the kitchen covered: honey. Scientists recently published a review of honey in an international journal of Clinic Practice. They examined 18 studies from the past 60 years and found overwhelming evidence that honey can help speed up healing and prevent infection. Actually honey has been used for treat wounds over thousands of years, but sought favor in 1940s when biotechnology came into scene. Today though people are worrying about antibio resistance and are also looking to natural remedies. Honey works because numbers of properties that help bacteria grows. There are low moisture content and the glucose honey conceal spread into air that naturally form hydrogen peroxide that separates agent. Scientists say the researches suggested honey may be particular useful when the wound become infected or feel closer heal lacy surgery. Honey was even shown traduce anticipation rates among diabetes patients suffering from open and infected source.

SatanicUID: 2362211

kevinliu6883
你时听写 还是直接粘贴的答案？？这么强？我也来听写！
听写时提高听力的王道！

yuuchinUID: 2385150

最后好像是... reduce amputation rates among

yuuchinUID: 2385150

11.5
Your wait is over, Comet Holmes is back. Oh, you’ve never heard of it? Well, that’s actually not surprising since until recently you need a big telescope to see it. But on October 24th, it’s suddenly brightened. Now you can see it with your naked eye. Just look up the constellation Perseus, comet Holmes is the yellow xxball that’s not on any star charts. The comet was also having an outburst when sky-watcher Edwin Holmes first spotted it in the 1892. But scientists say it should be more dazzle than this, since it’s small and doesn’t fly as close to the Sun as say H comet. So what happened? If the comet’s surface cracked, the Sun could have vaporized newly exposed ice, liberating dust and gas, and this comet Yellow Glow comes from sunlight reflecting off that dust. Now some sky-watchers are reporting a tale growing on comet Holmes, though its orientation means it looks stabile from Earth, even so this upstart snowball is exceeding all expectations.
http://www.sciam.com/podcast/podcast.mp3?e_id=01402DAC-E7F2-99DF-3551A5FA9FB49765&ref=p_sciam

[ 本帖最后由 yuuchin 于 2007-11-6 10:12 编辑 ]