Scientific American 60 Second Science听抄（有音频文件）

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

On the July 3rd podcast we talked about variety of super hot jopanero pepper that is brand new. Now comes news about some chilly pepper that is really old. Two caves in southern Mexico were found to contain leftovers, possibly fifteen hundreds years old leftovers and ten different kinds of cultivated chilly peppers. That is according to Smithsonian researchers writing the latest online issue of Proceeding of National Academy Sciences. The arid conditions in the caves preserves plants well, and already offer info of ancient Mexico agriculture. For examples, squash were cultivated in the region ten thousand years ago, and caves also contain corns, beans and avocados, in addition to the chilly peppers. It will take genetic analysis to tell if chili variety correspond to modern chilies although one pepper looks modern cayenne and another looks like tabasco. The researchers did determine the people who did grow their pepper use them fresh and dried.  One cave had seven variety leading researchers to say you don’t have to grow seven different kinds of chilies, unless you cook some pretty interesting food.

stoneflyandmoonUID: 2212749

july 10
已经参照kelediguo修改了，这次比前几次好点。。。估计因为和3号那次的节目有联系：


on the July 3rd podcast we talked about a variety of super hot habanero pepper that is brand new, now comes news about some chili peppers that are really old. 2 caves in southern mexico were found to contain leftovers, possibly  1500-year-old leftovers of ten different kinds of cultivated chili peppers, that is according to smithsonian researchers' writing in the latest online issue of The Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences. the arid conditions in the caves preserve plants well, and have already offered info about ancient mexican agriculture, for example squash was cultivated in the region 10, 000 years ago.  and the caves also contain corn, beans and  avocados in addition of the chili peppers. It  will take a  genetic analysis to tell if the chili varieties correspond to modern peppers although one kind of pepper looks a lot like the modern cayenne and another like tabasquo. the researchers did determine that the people who grew the peppers use them both fresh and dried. one cave had seven varieties leading a researcher to say you don't grow seven different kinds of chilies unless you are cooking some pretty interesting food.

H-KevinUID: 2182070

July 10

On the July 3rd podcast we talked about a variety super hot jalapenos pepper that’s brand new. Now comes news about some chili pepper that are really old. Two caves in southern Mexico were found to contain leftovers, possibly 1500-years-old leftovers of ten different kinds of cultivated chili peppers. That is according to Smithsonian researchers writing in the latest online issue of the Proceedings of national Academy of Sciences The arid conditions the in the caves preserve plants well and have already offered info about ancient Mexico agriculture. For example, squash was cultivated in the region 10,000 years ago. And caves also contain corn, beans and avocados in addition to chili peppers. It would take a genetic analysis to tell the chili varieties correspond to modern peppers, although one kind of peppers looks a lot like a modern cayenne and another like Tabasco. The researchers did determine that people who grew the peppers used them both fresh and dried. One cave that had 7 varieties leading a researchers to say, you do not grow 7 different kinds of chilis unless you are cooking some pretty interesting food.

AllenTingUID: 2308616

http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm ... 912BB87&ref=rss


Ancient cooks living in what is now the valley of Oaxaca in Mexico could have taught even Bobby Flay a thing or two, it seems. Dried out remains of chili peppers from two Oaxacan caves reveal that people of the region used at least 10 different varieties of fresh and dried chilies between 500 and 1,500 years ago.

"If you've got seven different kinds of peppers, if you're using them fresh and you're using them dried, you've got some interesting food," says archaeobotanist Linda Perry of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.

She says that together with other plant remains found in the area, including maize (corn), beans, squash, avocados and the cactuslike agave, the result confirms that "all the components of what we call modern Mexican cuisine, we've got them all in the past."

Perry examined 122 chili fragments and stems excavated 30 years ago from the arid Guilá Naquitz Cave and Silvia's Cave near the Mitla River in southern Mexico. Uncovered by her colleague Kent Flannery of the University of Michigan Museum of Anthropology in Ann Arbor, the well-preserved remains dated from A.D. 600 to 1521 when area natives began settling in cities and growing crops, using the caves as overnight shelter during the harvest.

Perry distinguished seven cultivated varieties, or cultivars, from Guilá Naquitz and three from Silvia's Cave based on the shapes and sizes of the stems, according to a paper published online today by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA.

She assigned them to two of the five species known to have been domesticated in the Americas: Capsicum frutescens and Capsicum annuum, members of which include the jalapeño, serrano, ancho and Tabasco. Some of the chilies resembled modern Tabasco and cayenne peppers, Perry says, but she adds it would take DNA testing to sort out the relationships between the ancient plants and modern ones.

Whole stems were probably pulled from fresh chilies, perhaps for ancient salsa or seasoning, whereas ripped pepper fragments may represent dried chilies used for stews and sauces, says Perry, who experimented at home by pulling off the stems of modern peppers.

Starch grains from the chilies were relatively large with a distinctive round, dimpled shape characteristic of domesticated chilies, she adds.

Domesticated Mexican chilies date to 6,000 years ago, but the new analysis marks the earliest evidence of diverse cultivated chilies, Perry says. "It's just a really nice indication," she says, "of an ancient and rich heritage of cuisine and agriculture in this region."

zhenzhen_163UID: 196150

July 11, 2007: 60-Second Science
Birds Prefer New Tunes to Golden Oldies

提两点供参考。

The old version is kind of vintage Michael Jackson, high pitch with rapid trills. The newer version veers more to your Barry White area—lower in pitch and a more deliberate trill.

How you doin’:   注意Steve 加重了you的发音，这是当别人和你打招呼，说How you doin’，然后你回应Great! How YOU doin’的正确说法。这种情况是你对对方比较友善，或比较感兴趣，不是爱搭不理的。  :)

wizjoUID: 2175360

July 11, 2007: 60-Second Science
Birds Prefer New Tunes to Golden Oldies

Would you rather listen to a new song or Golden Oldie? Well, in the world of songbirds, it's the new tunes that attract attention. A Duke University researcher got recordings of male white crown sparrow songs from 1979 and from 2003. They are very close but there are some subtle differences. The old version is kind of vintage Michael Jackson, high pitch with rapid trills.The newer version veers more to your Barry White area--lower in pitch and a more deliberate trill. Here they both are, the old one first."bird sings..."  Females reheard newer song exhibited their species typical "How you doin' " responses. But when they heard the old song, it was more like "Er...".  And males hearing the new song got agitated  much more than they heard the old standard. The study was published in the online version of the journal Evolution. Changes in song over time or geography could be the first tiny steps in the development of a new species. "bird sings..."

Thank you for the references you provide, zhenzhen_163~

windy504UID: 2300698

听力部分很吃力，要多练习啊

ericasamakiUID: 2356903

这个到底有没有MP3下载呢? 我是直接在网站上听,有时候还是很卡的啊~~~~!!!!!!!

zhenzhen_163UID: 196150

You can right click and download direct from their website.  :)

suremanUID: 2303461

July 11, 2007: 60-Second Science
Birds Prefer New Tunes to Golden Oldies

Will you rather listen to a new song or golden oldy. Well in the world of song birds, it is the new tunes that attract attention. A Duke University researcher got the recordings of the male white crown sparrows songs from 1979 and from 2003. The are very close, but there are subtle differences. The old version is kind of vintage of Michael Jackson, high pitch with rapid trills. The newer version veers more to your Barry White area—they are lower in pitch and a more deliberate trill. Here the both are, and the old one first. [sound]. Females who heard the newer song exhibate their specie's typical "how are you doing"  responses. But when they heard the old song, it was more like "Er". And males hearing the new song got agitated much more than they heard the old standard. The study was published online version of the Journel of Evolution. Changes in song over time or geography could be the first tiny steps in the development of new species.

July 11, 2007: 60-Second Science
Birds Prefer New Tunes to Golden Oldies

zhenzhen_163 大师的两点参考真是及时雨啊！Barry White(贝瑞怀特)，也是个歌手，不提示肯定听不出，因为没听过他的歌。
提两点供参考。

The old version is kind of vintage Michael Jackson, high pitch with rapid trills. The newer version veers more to your Barry White area—lower in pitch and a more deliberate trill.

How you doin’:   注意Steve 加重了you的发音，这是当别人和你打招呼，说How you doin’，然后你回应Great! How YOU doin’的正确说法。这种情况是你对对方比较友善，或比较感兴趣，不是爱搭不理的。

[ 本帖最后由 sureman 于 2007-7-11 17:21 编辑 ]

ericasamakiUID: 2356903

Would you rather listen to a new song or a Golden Oldy? Well, in the world of song birds, it's the new tunes that attract the attention. A Dunk University researcher got recordings of male white crowned sparrow songs from 1979 and from 2003. They are very close, but there are some subtle differences. The old version is kind of vintage Michael Jackson---high pitch with rapid trills, the newer version veers more to your Barry White area---lower in pitch and more deliberate trill. Here they both are the old one first, "....." Females who heard the newer song exhibit their species typical " How you doin' " responses, but when they heard the old song, these are more like "er..." and males hear the new song got agitated much more when they heard the old standard. The study was published in the online version of the Journal Evolution. Changes on song over time or geography could be the first tiny steps in the development of new species.

谢谢ZHENZHEN提供的帮助!!!

[ 本帖最后由 ericasamaki 于 2007-7-11 17:42 编辑 ]

lazysusanUID: 2318891

July 11, 2007
Would you rather listen to a new song or a golden oldie? Well, in the world of song birds, it’s the new tunes that attract attention. A Duke University researcher got recordings of male white crown sparrow songs from 1973 and from 2003. They are very close, but there are some subtle differences. The old version is a kind of vintage Michael Jackson, high pitch with rapid trills. The newer version veers to your Barry White area, lower in pitch and more deliberately trill. Here are the both, the old one first. Females who heard the newer song exhibit their species typical ‘how are you doing’ responses. But when they heard the old song, it’s more like ‘Uh’. And males hearing the new song got agitated much more when they heard the old standard. The study was published in the on-line version of the journal Revolution. Changes in song over time more geography could be the first tiny step in the development of new species.

H-KevinUID: 2182070

July 11

Would you rather listen to a new song or a Golden Oldie? Well, in the world of songbirds, it's the new tunes that attract attention. A Duke University researcher got recordings of male white crown sparrow songs from 1979 and from 2003. They are very close but there are some subtle differences. The old version is kind of vintage Michael Jackson, high pitch with rapid trills. The newer version veers more to your Barry White area--lower in pitch and more deliberate trill. Here they both are, the old one first. “….." Females who heard newer song exhibited their species typical "How you doing' " responses. But when they heard the old song, it was more like "Er...” And males hearing the new song got agitated much more than they heard the old standard. The study was published in the online version of the journal Evolution. Changes in song over time or geography could be the first tiny steps in the development of a new species. "……."

H-KevinUID: 2182070

LZ woodman 最近可能比较忙， 音频这里每期都是有的:)

原帖由 ericasamaki 于 2007-7-11 16:22 发表
这个到底有没有MP3下载呢? 我是直接在网站上听,有时候还是很卡的啊~~~~!!!!!!!

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

Would you rather listen to a new sound or golden oldie? Well, in the world of sound bird, it’s new tunes that attract attention. A Duke University researcher got recordings of male white crown sparrow songs from 1979 to 2003. They are very close but there are some subtle differences. The old version is kind of vantage of Michael Jackson, high pitch with rapid trills. The new version is bare in wide area … low in pitch and more delivery true. Here are both old one first. Females who hear the new sound exhibited their species typically “how you do it” responses. But when they heard old sound, it was more like “ehm”. And males hearing new sound got more agitated much more than they heard old standard. The study was published in the online version of Journal of Evolution. Changes in song over time or geography could be the first tiny step in development of a new species.