3月29号日志：
2003-08-p3：
Listen to a talk in an architectural history class. In my opinion, Frank Lloyd Wright was the greatest American architect of(in) the 20th century. People who know his designs(design is) well point out that his roofs(rule is) often leaked, his seilings(the seiling is) were too low and his houses were uncomfortable. In my presentation however, I'll be focusing on the virtues(virtual) of his designs. For(From) what you will see, it would be hard to dispute that he manipulated (the) space extremly well, some of his smallest houses look gigantic.
and he had great respect for the materials he used and also a tremendous skill for placing his(these) buildings in harmony with nature. Wright's career began when he was young. He was just a teenager when he helped build the chapel on his family's property in Wisconsin. And from there he got hired(a hire) as a draftsman by the project architect. So it was a very long career. He died at 91, while(by) his final major work, the Guggenheim Museum, was still being built. Today, we'll cover what are considered to be the two great periods of his career, Wright's works before the Tokyo Imperial Hotel, completed in 1922, and everthing after Falling Water, a private residence in western Pennsylvania completed in 1936. The first period started around 1896, when he made a dramatic shift from the classical traditon to the arts and crafts movement. Here the emphasis was on order, consistency, and unity of design. Things were kept simple with minimal(minimum) decoration. Natural forms were very important. Let's take a look at a slide of his own dinning room, done in this style.
2003-08-p4：
Listen to part of a talk in an astronomy class. We are going to talk today about the moon, our moon. First of all, the earth's moon is unsusal(unusable). Why? It's larger than other moons or(of) satilites in the solar system in relation to its planet that is. Its diameter is more than a quarter that of the earth. And you can compare the earth and moon in terms of substance, you'll find the moon isn't much like the earth. For example, the earth has a significant iron core while the moon contains very little heavy materials like iron. That's why its density is much lower than that of the earth. Now one time it was believed that the moon and the earth were formed at the same from the same material. But then(why) wouldn't the moon have as much iron as the earth? Another theory is that the moon was(is) formed elsewhere(out sphere) in the solar system and then it was captured, sort of speak, by (the) earth. But study shows that the young earth would not have had enough gravitational (of) force to stop a body the size of moon from travelling through(to) the solar system and pull it into orbit(pulling to hold it). The newest theory is called the big splash theory. Here the new young earth was hit by another big planet. Most of the colliding planet entered the earth and became part of it. But the huge impact create a vapor that shed out into space and eventually condensed as the moon. Because these mateirals came mostly from the earth surface crust not the iron core, the moon contains almost no iron. While as plausible(possible) as it sounds, it's only a theory and we(it) can't be sure that this is what really happened, and this is how the moon originated. Plenty(Planet) of research remains(was named) to be done(down).
2003-08-p5：
Listen to part of lecture in a psychology class. In order to diagnose and treat abnormal behavior, we have to start with clear definitons of what is meant by(mental) abnormal and normal. Criteria must be worked out for distinguishing one from the other in actual clinical cases. The word "abnormal" implies a deviation from some clearly defined norm(normal). In the case of physical illness, the boundary lines between normality and pathology are often clearly delineated by medical science, making it easier to dignose. On the psychological level, however, we have no ideal model to use as a base of(basic) comparision, nothing to help us to distinguish mental health from mental disorder. The problem of(probable) defining abnormal behavior by establishing just what is meant by normal behavior has proved extremly difficult. However, as chapter 5 outlines, several criteria have been proposed. One norm described in detail(is glad to detain) in your text(test) is personal ajustment. And individuals who was able to deal with problems effectively(probable the f) without serious anxiety or(and) unhappiness or more serious symptoms(sentence) is said(it sent) to be well adjusted. Personal adjustment as a norm has several serious limitations though. For example, it makes no reference to the individuals' role in the(a) group. How are we going to classify, for example, the atypical politician or business person who engages in unethical practices. Either might be a successful, happy, and well-adjusted individual. Obviously, the welfare(ware-fare) of the group, as well as( is one of) that of the(an) individual, must be considered, which brings me to the next approach.
2003-10-p3：
Listen to part of a talk in a biology class. Today, we are going to talk about a special way some plants respond to be invaded by pests. These plants react by emitting(meaning) a chemical signal which acts like a call for (a) help. Let's take corn plants for example. Sometimes caterpillars chew on the corn leaves. When the caterpillar saliva mixes(make s of) with the chew potion of a leave, the plant release a chemical scream that attracts wasps. The wasps respond to the signal by flying to the chewed on leave and laying their eggs in the caterpillars. The caterpillars die in the next few days and the wasp(wasps') offspring nourish themselves by feeding off(on) them. Thus the corn plant prevents all of its leaves from being eaten by the caterpillars. This chemical scream is specific. It's only released after the plant has detected the caterpillar saliva. A plant that is cut by in other means does not give off the same signal, nor doesn't undamaged plant. This also explains how a wasp can find caterpillar in a huge field of corn. Soybeans, cotton, and probably many other plants use similar type of defense against pests. By enhancing(in henceing) this(these) natural response in(responsing) plants, researchers might reduce, or(sola) some day even eliminate the need(it) for chemical pesticide which can cause ecological damage. For example, scientists might breed(bring) plants for(or) this(these) screaming trait(treats), or they might transplant specific genes to increase the(to) release of the chemical signals. | 
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楼主: m2zhy
发表于 2009-3-21 22:17:50
发表于 2009-4-2 18:11:43
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