[同主题写作] 0510G同主题写作第十一期－－Issue83 [复制链接]

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发表于 2005-7-29 22:10:53 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

题目：
83"Government should preserve publicly owned wilderness areas in their natural state, even though these areas are often extremely remote and thus accessible to only a few people."

题目翻译：
政府应该保护公共所有的野生地区，使得它们维持自然的状态，即使这些地方十分地偏远因而大多数人无法到达。

出现频率：
7月份出现7次。

关键词分析：
虽然这道题目里面没有什么很深奥、容易引起误解的单词，但是把两个主要单词（短语）的确切意思搞清楚了，对于最后的成文还是很有好处的。
（1）publicly owned
这个短语的意思，看一下定义就清楚了。

网络上查询publicly owned在英文的定义结果：（留下了觉得有用的）
· Property that is owned/operated by a public entity. If a governmental body has a proprietary interest in the land (such as fee ownership, drainage easements or wetland easements), it can still be considered publicly owned. Land subject to a public easement in perpetuity can also be considered to be publicly owned land for the purpose which the easement exists.

（2）wilderness area

网络上查询wilderness area在英文的定义结果：（留下了觉得有用的）
· Areas designated by Congressional action under the 1964 Wilderness Act. Wilderness is defined as undeveloped federal land retaining its primeval character and influence without permanent improvements or human habitation. Wilderness areas are protected and managed to preserve their natural conditions, which generally appear to have been affected primarily by the forces of nature with the imprint of human activity substantially unnoticeable; have outstanding opportunities for solitude or for a primitive and confined type of recreation; including at least 5,000 acres or are of sufficient size to make practical their preservation, enjoyment, and use in an unimpaired condition; and may contain

· Broadly, a wilderness area is a region where the land is left in a state where human modifications are minimal; that is, as a wilderness. It might also be called a wild or natural area. Especially in some wealthier, industrialized nations, it has a more specific land-use meaning as well, as land where development is prohibited by law. Many nations have designated wilderness areas, including South Africa, New Zealand and the United States.

查询之后才知道，原来这道题目并不是ETS凭空想象出来的；对于他们来说，这是一个有着一定历史的话题，甚至在司法上都有相应的法律条文（该法的简介在后面的附录里）。

题目分析：
这道题目是两个分句，由转折短语“even though”连接起来所构成的。然而，句子的重心是在前半句，那么我们就从前半句开始分析题目。

题目的前半句是：Government should preserve publicly owned wilderness areas in their natural state。注意这里面有一个“should”，那么好，仍然以提问式的方法来看题目：政府是否应该保护公有的野生地区，使得它们维持在自然的状态呢？答案也仍然有两个：是，或不是。

如果答案为“是”，那么下一步要考虑的就是这样做的原因、理由是什么？这会有很多种可能的情况，譬如：（1）这些野生地区可能尚未受到人类活动的影响，里面有丰富的动、植物资源，具有很高的研究价值；（2）这些地区还很有可能是很多濒临灭绝的野生动、植物的栖息场所，如果没有保护的话，可能会灭绝；（3）这些野生自然地区的状况对于当地环境、气候可能的影响，等等。上面多是偏重于从这些野生地区的角度出发来考虑的，当然我们不能忘了当今对于自然生态环境有着最大影响力的是我们人类，人类活动可能对于这些地方有着很大的威胁和影响。因此防范这些可能的人类破坏性活动，也属于“保护”的范畴中。

如果答案为“否”，那么同样，就要给出为什么反对的理由。这方面的内容就不作过多的提示了，请大家能够自己思考一下。

当然，到现在为止我们只看了前半句；虽然后半句不是重点，但是对于题目的全面理解仍然不能忘了后面：even though these areas are often extremely remote and thus accessible to only a few people。出现了一个“even though”，表示转折，说明后半部分是可以作为前半部分的反对意见。有一个问题可以问：“很偏远、很少有人能够到达”，是不是就不用保护了呢？或者，这两者之间有没有必然关系，即，保护是一回事，而上述的不利因素是另外一回事？在这里，如果前面赞成要保护野生区域的，那么这里的内容可以作为让步的内容；而如果前面是反对保护的，那么除了现在题目里给的反对意见外，还可以引出其他可能的反对意见。

另外，对于这些偏远的野生环境，还有可能开发成诸如自然保护区之类的形式，甚至成为一种旅游资源。这也是可以考虑的一个方面。

总而言之，这道题目本身并不深奥，理解起来也并不困难，关键还是看大家能否打开思路，能够有新颖的论点出来。

参考提纲：
首先要明确的一点是，给参考提纲并不等于就不用对题目进行分析了。事实上，只有自己认真分析了题目，才会对题目有更深刻的理解，也就不太会出现“没东西可写”的情况了。在自己分析过题目之后，如果感觉还是没有完全理解，可以看一下参考提纲，看看有什么地方可以学习、借鉴的。

提纲（1）：
Position: When our environment is under growing threat from human civilization, government should take action to preserve publicly owned wilderness areas in their natural state.
A. Even a few people could cause serous damage to a remote wilderness area.
B. The destruction of even a remote wilderness area could result in unforeseeable effects on the larger environment.
C. Without government’s protection, even the remotest wilderness area will finally disappear.

提纲（2）：
Position: It is government’s responsibility to keep the public resource in its natural state.
A. The wilderness areas even the remote ones may play an important role in keeping a balanced nature and ecological system. Many rate flora and wild animals may inhabit in these areas.
B. Preserving these wilderness areas may also be vital in remaining a stable climate and environment.
C. Without the government, it is hard to preserve the publicly owned wilderness areas for the reasons that they are public owned and irrelevant to private interests and that it may be profitable to develop wilderness areas.

附录：

Wilderness Act

Wilderness Act of 1964 (16 U.S.C. 1131-1136, 78 Stat. 890) -- Public Law 88-577, approved September 3, 1964, directed the Secretary of the Interior, within 10 years, to review every roadless area of 5,000 or more acres and every roadless island (regardless of size) within National Wildlife Refuge and National Park Systems and to recommend to the President the suitability of each such area or island for inclusion in the National Wilderness Preservation System, with final decisions made by Congress. The Secretary of Agriculture was directed to study and recommend suitable areas in the National Forest System.

The Act provides criteria for determining suitability and establishes restrictions on activities that can be undertaken on a designated area. It authorizes the acceptance of gifts, bequests and contributions in furtherance of the purposes of the Act and requires an annual report at the opening of each session of Congress on the status of the wilderness system.

Under authority of this Act over 25 million acres of land and water in the National Wildlife Refuge System were reviewed. Some 7 million acres in 92 units were found suitable for designation. From these recommendations, as of December 1998, over 6,832,800 acres in 65 units have been established as part of the National Wilderness Preservation System by special Acts of Congress.

In addition, the Alaska Lands Act (P.L. 96-487) established 7 wilderness areas in Alaska, comprising 18,560,000 acres. This Act also provided for use of motorized vehicles and construction of cabins, fisheries and aquaculture facilities, and other structures in these wilderness areas, in recognition of the unique conditions in Alaska.

Specific wilderness areas, acreages, and establishing legislation are listed in the "Annual Report of Lands under Control of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service" available from the Division of Realty, United States Fish and Wildlife Service.

好了，分析的工作暂且就到这里。要提醒大家的是，这里的分析也只是作为一个引子，还是希望大家能够想出更多、更富新意的观点来。另外，作为“同主题写作”活动的一个小小要求，还是再这里强调以下：请不要在这里贴自己的习作，请将习作发表在坛子里面，然后将链接贴进来。除了习作链接之外，更欢迎大家把对于题目的想法拿出来讨论，积极参与者会得到奖励哦！

另外要提醒大家的是：明天晚上8：00在寄托聊天室将举行“写作总动员备考互动交流”活动，请大家登陆chat.gter.net来参与，有什么疑问可以在里面向各位到场嘉宾询问。

[ Last edited by staralways on 2005-7-29 at 22:49 ]

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[同主题写作] 0510G同主题写作第十一期－－Issue83 [复制链接]

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