越洋农场站队作业帖

pewcg8UID: 2143213

https://bbs.gter.net/viewthre ... ge=1&highlight=
大家好好看看别的小组是怎么努力的,我反正看了是感觉到我们的练习实际上力度和人家差远了,但是大家都反映说现在的安排有点紧,那么希望大家现在就发帖子上来说说自己对于我们布置作业的安排有什么建议,这样我看看之后汇总一下,调整一下我们的进度和安排.

geniegoUID: 201395

第四组
第一次写的，请随便拍！
我本来觉得还有一个错误，就是说到有一些低温的纪录，但是temperature的个别纪录，不能得出temperature pattern 的变化。但是又觉得这是原文给出的既定事实，这类不知道应不应该驳斥。
Argumnet 47

47.Scientists studying historical weather patterns have discovered that in the mid-sixth century, Earth suddenly became significantly cooler. Although few historical records survive from that time, some accounts found both in Asia and Europe mention a dimming of the sun and extremely cold temperatures. Either a huge volcanic eruption or a large meteorite colliding with Earth could have created a large dust cloud throughout Earth's atmosphere that would have been capable of blocking enough sunlight to lower global temperatures significantly. A large meteorite collision, however, would probably create a sudden bright flash of light, and no extant historical records of the time mention such a flash. Some surviving Asian historical records of the time, however, mention a loud boom that would be consistent with a volcanic eruption. Therefore, the cooling was probably caused by a volcanic eruption.

研究历史上气候变化的学者发现在六世纪中叶，地球突然变冷了很多。尽管那个时期很少有历史记录被保存下来，一些在亚洲和欧洲所发现的记录提到了太阳变暗和极度的寒冷。要么是巨大的火山喷发，要么是撞击地球的大型小行星导致地球大气形成一大片尘埃云层，这阻止了一定的阳光导致全球温度显著下降。然而，大型小行星的撞击可能产生突然的强闪光，而现存的那时的历史记录中没有提到过这样的闪光。然而那时遗留下发导致的。


提纲：
1．        作者仅仅因为没有闪光的记载就排除了陨石撞击的可能性，而关于闪光的历史的资料有可能遗失
2．        即便承认作者所说的是由火山爆发所引起的，那么仅凭隆隆的声音就能断定是火山爆发了么,既然已经有了声音的记载，没有理由没有状况的描述，如果说大家仅仅是听到的话，为什么不能不能说是陨星造成的呢？没有人在现场的呀
3．        我们知道温度下降是个全球性的问题，而全球71%的海洋，21%的陆地，火山所占的陆地面积更是微乎其微,作者怎么能断定全球变冷只有这两个原因？
This argument states that it is probably a volcanic eruption caused a significant decrease of temperature in the-sixth century. To support the argument the arguer indicate that either a huge volcanic eruption or a large meteorite colliding Earth could have created a large dust cloud throughout Earth's atmosphere that would have been capable of blocking enough sunlight to lower global temperatures significantly. Then the author eliminate the possibility of meteorite collision, because there is no historical records indicate a flash, which a large meteorite collision would probably create. What the author mentioned appears to support the argument, however, in fact is quite illogical.

It is common sense that  historical record could indicate what have happened, but no historical record could not indicate what have not happened. What is more ,what have not been record is just a flash. And it is probably that I t happened in some places where the flash is impossible to be recorded, such as some original places without a language or the Arctic without human beings. Just based on no historical record, the argument is obviously too weak to support the elimination of meteorite collision.

There is still some flaws in this passage. Even if it is true a meteorite have not happened, there are still flaws failing the arguer to conclude that the cooling is caused by volcanic eruption. If some records mentions a loud boom, why is there no evidence to state the scene of the volcanic eruption. It means no one have seen it, if some , no record exists. And sounds lie, because too many things can create such a loud boom, for example, the possibility the author crossed out.

In this argument, a potential premise, though the author did not indicate, is exactly the basis of the standpoint. The premise is that only these two things lead to significant decrease of the temperature. Numbers of reasons are provided nowadays to explain why the weather pattern changes, there is still no definite conclusion. It is a problem of complex effects. However, the author failed to provide sufficient evidence which could eliminate all the other reasons.

pewcg8UID: 2143213

TOPIC: ISSUE4 - "No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study."
WORDS: 548
论点：科学研究不但要靠专门的知识，刻苦的钻研．更需要广阔的思路和眼界．所以，适当的和本领域之外的人士交流，可以启发研究者的思维，推进本领域的研究．（总体是正面的观点，看我的构思，如果反面不好写，那就干脆写完全的正面型观点）

We have witnessed drastic technology advancement in the passing 20th century, and are continuing to move toward a more prosperous society with even greater achievements in science and social progress. One may begin to wonder how can researchers accomplish such improvements when problems they face seems more difficult and complicated to deal with than those in the past. As far as I am concerned, it is because they begin to realize the significance of turning to other field for help as well as using a wider scope to treat these problems.

We can define people from other field as outsiders. They bring what they learn in their field and what they gain in their research to help people in another field, which is  a new way to overcome new problems in that field. The study of sports comes as a fine example. Football coaches no longer record important datas themselves, because football clubs such as Manchester United, FC Barcelona and AC Milan have used computer softwares to help them. These softwares can record a match and analyze the positions of players, the strategy the opponent take and mistakes players have made. After a macth, some machines are used to test players' fitness and recovering conditions.With the aid of outsiders from computer science, these coaches will know about their opponents as well as his players better. In this case, outsiders use their research outcomes to help people in other field successfully.

Moreover, not only do outsiders' research outcomes, but also the methods they use to deal with problems in their field are helpful. While it is true that the knowledge used in one field seems quite different from others, their ways of thinking do provide useful imformation and can be effective catalysts in other fields. You can not deny that some majors, especially majors in engineering, researchers sometimes use the same math and computer tool to solve problems, and students from different subjects in college find a few subjects they take do have something in common. Therefore, it seems possible to turn to outsiders from other field. For instance, in the study of genetics, researchers always need to turn to specilists of the games theory. And the case of biologist coorperate with outsiders from fields such as computers and eletronic engineering comes as another example. When outsiders bring their ways of dealing with problems, which researchers in one field do not usually use, the insiders(people in the field) will have a broder scope and can treat the problems in other aspects in order to advance their study.

However, it is essential that insiders first have to grasp the basic knowlege of their field. Without understanding theirs, they can never know what kind of outsiders they need to help them, and they may even be confused by outsiders and their ways of thinking. It is just like a skyscrapers without solid foundations, and skyscrapers like that will easily be knocked down, not to metion gaining advancement.

All in all, what insiders should do is to lay a strong foundation of knowlege and a good habit in study. When faced with diffculties, turn to outsiders if necessary. In this way, one is sure to achieve greater contributions to his study and thus make the field of his study advanced more significantly

pewcg8UID: 2143213

TOPIC: ARGUMENT47
WORDS: 414

In the argument, the author attributes earth cooling of the mid-sixth century to the eruption of a volcano. In order to substentiate his opinion, he claims that both a meteorite colliding and a volcanic eruption would be the real cause, while no records of flash are kept. He also cites some Asian historical records of a loud boom to prove his claim. Seems to be plausible at first glance, the argument suffers from several logical flaws as following.

First and foremost, without ruling out other possibilities, the author points out extemely cold temperatures is caused by either a huge volcanic eruption or a meteorite collision. Common sense tells us that other factors, may cause this cold temperature. It is quite possible that at that time, the sun was not as active as it used to be or it is now, and thus resulted in the low temperature, and as the author mentioned a dimming of the sun, this assumption seems more convincing, at least as convincing as the other two reasons metioned in the argument.

What is more, although historical materiles does not  record a flash generated by a meteorite collision, it does not mean that such a collision never happened. It might collide the earth at night when all the people were asleep and therefore could not see it happened, or historians had no interest in recording such a flash at that time or they recorded in an mythology manner that we cannot recognize. Another possibility, which the author ignore, is that the collision may happen in a place with no human beings around thus no records will be left.

In addition, the loud boom metioned in the argument have no cause and effect connection with a volcanic eruption, or in other words, a loud boom recorded maybe caused by other factors and it is not necessarily conincide with a volcanic eruption. It is possible that before the temperature diminishing, no such eruption is happened. Some people may also begin to wonder that, if the eruption happened, wether it was powerful enough to shake the earth's climate.  Such eruptions have happened many times nowadays and they do not infect our temperature very much. So it is arbitarary to conclude the cooling is caused by a singal volcanic eruption.

To sum up, the author ignores other possible factors that might cause the cooling of the earth. To better substentiate his claim, he has to look for important imformation rule out other factors mentioned above.

pewcg8UID: 2143213

小组成员名单：（如果有退出的麻烦及时告诉Peter）
pewcg8
nostrum  
huhu_zsu  
yuexuan
geniego
monkeycola
acheetah
xxxxzoe
morallrey
edream
Frostmourn
zengailan
现在人数已经满了,请其他要加入的成员转别的组.
我们的组长就在这些组员名单中轮换,第一周是pewcg8,第二周是nostrum......当然,Pewcg8会一直帮忙负责全组.
以后大家就进这个帖子就可以,以前那个就不用了,重要通知我会发到一楼.周日我们的任务就是改别人的作业,然后大家讨论总结.另外,应大家要求,我们下周的作业将有所调整,请密切关注.

monkeycolaUID: 2206472

pewcg8
，下次作业在群里也通知一下　可以吗？／

pewcg8UID: 2143213

原帖由 monkeycola 于 2006-5-28 14:32 发表
pewcg8
，下次作业在群里也通知一下　可以吗？／

好的,以后请注意一楼的通知

xxxxzoeUID: 2200473

第二次作业ISSUE 4
No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience

to that field of study.

Outline:
1# 以实验室阶段为例,提出学科之间是相互联系的,学好一门学科需要其他学科的帮助,
2# 在实际生产过程中,其他学科的运用也起到重要作用
3# 专家的作用同样不可忽视


With the significant progress of socialization, technology and science become more and more complex which is hardly for a certain field can handle. I strongly agree that the outsiders can bring in abundant of knowledge and experience which can greatly advance other fields. However, the part that experts play in advancing their own field should not be overshadowed.


In the first place, each field associates with other fields closely, hence, konwledge and experience from other fields can promote grasp of one field, especially in the laboratory-level. Take my major, which is material science and technology, as an example. During the process of studying property of one new material, there are couples of disciplines are compulsory, such as chemistry, physics, mathmatics and computer science, and so forth. Chemistry help identify the molecular structure of that material, then the experimental methods of physics can further interpret the machanical function related to its original molecular structure. After these two steps, ample data are collected which will be annlysed by computer which is functioned in a mathmatics statistics way and ultimately draw a conclusion whether this material is worthy of mass manufacture.

Secondly, it is of great fascination that knowledge and experience of other field will accelerate the formation of this mass manufacture. When the laboratory-level is finished, the investigation of market need must be launched immmediately which should be handled by professional people. At the same time, person who is expert at operating equipment and understanding the  producing process is needed. Finally, economics experts are needed to devise new ways of sales in order to attract people's attention, yet the property of that product should not be unduly introduced.


From all above, we learned that we require knowledge and experience form other fields to help us accomplish one job, however, without the devoted study and research of experts, these knowledge and experience cannot orginically integrate into that field. The application of knowledge and experience of other fields should be evaluted by experts, whether these knowledge, experience or methods is avaluable in that field is uncertain. Furthermore, only learned experts with broad experience of research and study can further improve the achievement of knowledge and experience or from other fields to arrive at the degree of effiectivity and fitness.


To sum up, because fields are all closely related, it is benefitial to bring in knowledge and experience from other fields which will advance our own field and further bring us to a brandnew perspective. At the same time, the function of experts are intelligible which is a rationl impetus in that field while the outsider is the catalyst.

huhu_zsuUID: 2183490

Issue4
No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study.
提纲：
1，        平衡观点：通过外人介入，可以取得进步，但也有例外。
2，        回顾历史，局外人非刻意的行为可以带给研究人灵感。
3，        局外人的知识在某些科学研究中必不可少。
4，        有些科学研究在没有外人介入的情况下获得重大突破。
5，        新的时期，科学研究的交错性及复杂性需要更多的知识共享。


To a certain extent, I agree with the speaker that study can achieve significantly advance with the knowledge and experience of outsiders. However, there are always exceptions. We can not deny the fact that some field of study advanced without the help of outsiders.

To begin with, look back to the history, it is obvious that either an unrelated article from a magazine or a lecture given by a famous person would bring about inspiration to researchers. The process of doing a research is imbued with difficulties. People often boggled down in a certain area and all their knowledge and experience seems helpless. But once they absorb some different ideas or methods from outsiders, their mind become clear suddenly and things begin to get ground. A very example illustrate this is....(好不容易找到了一个例子，却无法翻译过来，上网、查书都解决不了。我似乎遇到了作文的第一个瓶颈——例子。其实我的要求也不是很高啊，“欧立希（德国化学家）”该怎么拼写啊？)

In the second place, some knowledge from outsiders do needed in a research. The world around us presents a meshwork of physical and anthropogenic forces, which interact in ways that can be understood only in the context of a variety of subjects. This phenomenon becomes extremely important when we are doing a research in a wide field, such as anthropology and sociology. A case in point is from my own experience. I have joined a research group supported by U.S Lingnan Foundation which focuses on what blocks the development of local companies”. As a student major in engineering, we can find out the technological problems existenting in companies by our expertise and knowledge learned from classes. But when it comes to designing questionnaires and doing some interview with people working in the companies, our knowledge and experience seems to be inadequate. It is certain that without the help of the schoolmates majoring in sociology, we can not obtain the indispensable information we need for research.

However, unduly emphasize on the functions of outsiders will lead us rely on the outsiders when we meet certain problems but fail to figure them out by ourselves. We can not make sure that outsiders can share us with knowledge and experience whenever we meet troubles. Even if they do share with us, whether it helps or not is uncertain. In fact, significant advance and development can be achieved in some field only through the thousand times fighting between researchers and difficulties. In order to prove an law, a mathematician has to use thousands of drafts and regardless of what being happened outside. In many situations, no one can help him but only his own will and insistence that lead him to the great success. In the purpose of designing wonderful software, the designer has to sit in front of the computer day after night, debug the program again and again, due to the complicated expertise, the possibility that a average outsider can help him make progress is very low.
  
To sum up, technology and science tend to be more complicated and interlaced in this new century than any time in the past. Thus, there will be a growing tendency that people researching in different areas share their knowledge and experience together. Outsiders will play more and more crucial roles in the process of research.   

比较粗糙，今天有些赶时间。
怎么办啊？例子到用时方恨少！！

[ 本帖最后由 huhu_zsu 于 2006-5-29 13:29 编辑 ]

nostrumUID: 2124189

原帖由 pewcg8 于 2006-5-28 13:28 发表
小组成员名单：（如果有退出的麻烦及时告诉Peter）
pewcg8
nostrum  
huhu_zsu  
yuexuan
geniego
monkeycola
acheetah
xxxxzoe
morallrey
edream
Frostmourn
zengailan
现在人数已经满了,请其他 ...

要轮组长？那马上就到的这个周组长是谁？
另外，水一句哈：如果大家心情不high的时候呢，可以看看电影啦
刚才在看Tomb，虽然是第二遍，但是这次感觉不错噢
本来是打死也不重复看近几年拍的电影的，没深度，看两遍只是浪费时间而已
但是这次似乎不太一样喽
熬过这几个月就好了~~~

pewcg8UID: 2143213

修改huhu_zsu的ISSUE120:

It is wildly acknowledged that our society is under going(这里是undergoing吧？undergo=experience,这里用比较恰当．) a dramatically change and things become more complex than any time before.(这里还可以用any other times in history)As a result, many people tend to live under the illusion(这里用illusion是否合适？我个人认为你如果后边说的是provides much的话，这里用illusion才比较合适吧？) that understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the present. In my opinion, however, I believe that knowing the past still plays an extremely important(我看到你后边没有significant,所以这里建议你把important改成significant，因为important已经被我们用烂了，所以建议宁愿多用几个significant也别用太多的important, think这样的词汇．) role in today’s life.(改为in our daily life不要用汉语去直译＂今天的生活＂)
开头段的结构很好，同时很简练的提出了主题，值得提倡．特别是在最开始给出了行文的背景，这也是Peter比较喜欢的开头模式．改了这么多小的语言点，算我是吹毛求疵吧．
Admittedly, with the rapid development of science and technology, our world is totally different from what (加上it used to be，这里能不能省略，希望我们都回去查一下．)in the past which in order to(这里的in order to是谁的目的？社会的？恐怕不能说社会为了让人们生活舒适而自己发展吧？) make people’s life more comfortable and easier. In faith, knowing what people ate and dressed themselves and how they lived in the past is helpless for us since what being used now is the most fitful style for us. Yet, on the process of learning history, we make a clear view of the people living in the past and draw many useful lessons (draw lessons from是否有这种用法？)from things they did which may help us make less mistakes and lead a more straight way to achieve our goals.
我这里突然想起来一个在TOEFL曾经被过的万能的表达社会变化发展的句子，这里我觉得可以用在这一段里边：today’s society see the advanced technology become more developed, with thousands of people bring their experiences and knowledge together.(就是照那个模式套了，不知道合适不．)
作者这段算是让步，同时领起后文的叙述．

In the first place, the principle applies on a social level. Take a brief view of the history of every country, it is obvious that the unity of a country and stabilization of society are the indispensable premise of the economical development of a society. Any government who is blind to this point may pay a heavy price which they can not afford it.(去掉it,这是大家最容易范的错误了．) What’s more, every step of progress made by human is also an improvement in technology. Accordingly, peace and development is the motif (主旨)of today’s world. Any country(似乎少了个which或者that) want to make a great progress on economics have to built a stable society and emphasize on the development of science and technology.
这段写社会层面．
In the second place, the principle also applies on the educational level. The most direct way for students to look back to the past is to take history classes. From the courses they know how the heroes and heroines sacrificed their lives to fight for the freedom and democracy. They realize how difficult it was for scientists to invent a new machine or prove a theorem. They begin to think about what they will contribute to their country and why can they realize their dreams. This cognition generated from history lessons produces a far-reaching impact on students and help them to build their philosophy and value judgment.
这段写的是教育层面，写的很精彩，我没有可以挑毛病的地方．

Furthermore, the principle also lies on (作者这里用lies on想说明什么？是否应该用表达＂适用于的含义＂？)other aspects. As in politics, being familiar to history provides governmental leaders more opportunities to take measures properly and efficiently. For example, any government （which吧）adopts a proper policy will win more support from its civilians. Reforms depend on the need of the most of the people can always achieve a good outcomes(单复数的问题) and will push the country develop much faster while insincere reforms always plain sailing. Another aspect involves how people deal with the relationship between nature and industry. Human beings used to spare no effort to develop industry meanwhile polluted the environment and finally threatened our own existence. Therefore, it is high time for us stopped adopting the old ways and protected our environment from getting worse.(这句本身很有道理，但是这和历史有很大的关系吗？即使有，你也应该写出来．)

From what has been discussed above, we can safely draw a（改成the比较好吧） conclusion that it is necessary for us to look back for an understanding of the past. Although the past seems to be simpler than today, it is still the groundwork(foundation是不是更好？) on which we develop our technology and society. Nevertheless, we should not accord every decision to the history and except to solve nowadays’ problems with the traditional means. Or else we will become empiricists and the knowing of the past is helpless.
总结段也很严密．

huhu_zsuUID: 2183490

我把argu47的错误理顺一下，为了便于理解，就先用中文了。大家也发表一下意见，算是对我们第一篇argument 的总结。
原文：
研究历史上气候变化的学者发现在六世纪中叶，地球突然变冷了很多。尽管那个时期很少有历史记录被保存下来，一些在亚洲和欧洲所发现的记录提到了太阳变暗和极度的寒冷。要么是巨大的火山喷发，要么是撞击地球的大型小行星导致地球大气形成一大片尘埃云层，这阻止了一定的阳光导致全球温度显著下降。然而，大型小行星的撞击可能产生突然的强闪光，而现存的那时的历史记录中没有提到过这样的闪光。然而那时遗留下来的一些亚洲历史纪录提到过与一次火山喷发相一致的巨大隆隆声。因此，那时的温度下降多半是火山喷发导致的。

原文思路：（破折号本来是用箭头的，这里表示不出来）
1，巨大的火山喷发/撞击地球的大型小行星－－－地球大气形成一大片尘埃云层——阻止了一定的阳光——全球温度下降
2，一些亚洲历史纪录提到过与一次火山喷发相一致的巨大隆隆声——巨大的火山喷发的假设成立
3，大型小行星的撞击可能产生突然的强闪光，而现存的那时的历史记录中没有提到过这样的闪光——撞击地球的大型小行星 的假设不成立

我个人认为存在的错误
1,导致全球变暖的原因不止有两个.
2,类似火山爆发的声音不一定是火山爆发.
3,大型小行星的撞击可能产生突然的强闪光,”可能”不代表每一次,也许发生了但没有产生强光.
4, 现存的那时的历史记录中没有提到过这样的闪光并不代表该事件没有发生.

存在争议的错误:
1.        亚洲和欧洲所发现的记录提到了太阳变暗和极度的寒冷能否代表全球现象
2.        发生在亚洲的火山爆发能否导致全球气候的变冷

个人问题：
1，写这些错误时是按在原文出现的顺序，还是进行归类一起说？
2，我提到的“存在争议的错误:”，算不算是“以偏概全”类的错误？

我水平有限，大家帮忙完善吧！！

yuexuanUID: 155186

Issue4
No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study.

分析：写成一边倒或者是平衡的观点都是比较容易的，因为可选用的例子很多。正方如众多的交叉学科相互促进，微电子与生物学化学的结合，生物电子学十年前的兴起，化学材料的改变解决微电子底层发展的瓶颈。反方如牛顿定律，亚里士多德的浮力定律，元素周期律等等。但是这下例子大家都会想到，可能都会用，是否会被认为雷同呢？

Science research is the most important thing which has a far reaching impaction to the progress and development of society. How does a field study advance significantly? The answers are different from people to people. The speaker asserts that significant advances in knowledge require expertise from various fields. But in my opinion, outsiders’ knowledge and experience do not necessary lead to significant advance in a research field although sometimes it does so.

First of all, outsiders’ knowledge and experience may bring about great progress to a specific research field sometimes. Nowadays, various fields are becoming more and more complex and elusive with the development of scientific technology. In order to make it further, we need more efforts and try our best to work hard, just for a little feedback or no any result about that in worse situation. But outsiders’ knowledge and experience can offer new ways and different thinking pattern which may make problem solving easier. A little example can give some light to this point. Meakle’ (A botanist from UK) studying on plants provides a host of knowledge and experience for pathology and makes it advance significantly. At the time, combining lots of knowledge and experience from different fields is a imperative trend for tackling with much more multidiscipline
.
However, outsiders’ knowledge and experience do not sure lead to huge advance in a research field. Nature change or quality change need accumulation of numerous small change. The development of science is the accumulation of previous hard-working for its progress which is a necessary step among studying approaches. For example, all of us studied basic knowledge when we were young, and chose interested major in college. Then we would pay full attention to the field and became so incredible diligence for the aim that we devote ourselves to the significant advance of science. Galileo’ life is just so and he has brought extraordinary advance in his field.

Moreover, luck and inspiration can arouse the significant advance to some extend. There are multitude of discovers in science resulting from luck and inspiration. The discover of Newton law attribute to the sudden dropping of apple when he had a rest seating under a tree. Aristotle sets up the law about buoyant force from the inspiration when he was washing. And the founding of  periodic system of elements was just thanking for a dream. All discovers are due to luck and inspiration.

All in all, from what has been discussed above, the title statement is arbitrary and we can draw the conclusion that outsiders’ knowledge and experience do not necessary lead to significant advance in a research field although sometimes which can bring huge advance。

yuexuanUID: 155186

原帖由 huhu_zsu 于 2006-5-28 17:10 发表
我把argu47的错误理顺一下，为了便于理解，就先用中文了。大家也发表一下意见，算是对我们第一篇argument 的总结。
原文：
研究历史上气候变化的学者发现在六世纪中叶，地球突然变冷了很多。尽管那个时期很少有 ...

我当时也想到这些，个人认为是以偏概全，以局部代替整体的错误

同时有个问题：我们在写argument的时候，是指出的错误越多越好么？还是自己选3－4个有把握并能容易展开的错误点？因为时间有限啊
大家是怎么对待的？？？？？？？？？？？？？？

pewcg8UID: 2143213

注意,由于还有同志没交第一周的作业,希望大家在周一晚上再开始交第二次作业,今天和周一算做总结的时间.所以,第二周的作业暂时不要在后边跟帖.