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Argument 188
Based on the unwarranted assumption and suspicious evidences, the report draws the conclusion that Kappa opioids, a painkiller, is much more effective to women than to men, and then suggests that it should be prescribed to women whenever pain medication is required while men should be given other kinds of pain medication. To comprehensively attest this conclusion, it cites the new result. At first glance, this conclusion seems to be relatively convincing, but further investigations of it indicate some concerns it may neglect, which should be demonstrated in the argument. Logically, the conclusion suffers from three flaws.
The threshold problem with this argument is that we have to doubt the validity of the survey involved. For one thing, the number of respondents, 28 men and 20 women, can not ensure representative. It is possible that the samples may consist of, accidentally, the very individuals that could prove its result. For another thing, we haven't been informed that those people are randomly selected, which further give rise to its meaningless. Even if the samples do cover all the situations, we can not naturally make the assumption that the Kappa opioids are more effective to women. Perhaps, after their wisdom teeth extracted, the wounds of women are smaller than that of men, for which Kappa opioids are more effective.
Another problem that undermines the logical of this argument is that without any comparison, it unfoundedly concludes that Kappa opioids should be prescribed for women whenever pain medication is needed, whereas men should be given other kinds of pain medications. Perhaps, Kappa opioids is the most effective medicine, while there are still some other better pain-killers for women. Furthermore, even though we concede the validity of those flaws discussed above, we again fail to draw the same conclusion as the report does, one that suggests that researchers should reevaluate the effects of all medications on men versus women. We can not ignore the possibility that Kappa opioids is very few kind of medicines that have different effects between men and women.
To sum up, owing to those meaningless evidences and assumptions, the report fails to substantiate its conclusion that Kappa opioids, a painkiller, is much more effective to women than to men, and then suggests that it should be prescribed to women whenever pain medication is required while men should be given other kinds of pain medication. To more convincingly support this conclusion, the report needs to demonstrate the validity of the survey, in addition, it should provide us with more details such as the comparison between Kappa opioids and other medications of the same sort. Thus, if the argument had embraced those factors discussed above, it would become more authentic and logically accepted. |
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