进军美利坚iBT特训营~~100+听写专用贴

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11.15 by Fatrui
Lecture 1:
listen to the lecture about the history class
so ,we've (been) talking about the printing press, how it changes people('s) lives. making book more accessible(accessible) to everyone. more books mean more reading right?but as you konw not everyone has perfect vision.this increase literruces(literacy) in reading (lead to an increasing demand for)like the man eyeglass and there(here's) something probably you have not thought of.this (increase demand) impacted the man(the societal attitudes) to (toward) eyeglasses. but first let me back up a bit,we've(and) talk about (vision correction) before the printing press. and what do(did) people with poor vision do?i mean specially those (few) people (who were) actually to the liter(literate),what did they do before the eye glasses were invented ? well, they have different ways (of) dealing with not seening(seeing) well.if you think about (it) poor vision are(wasn't) they are(their) only problem. i mean think about the conditions they live in, houses were dark, sometimes there are no(weren't any ) windows,candel(candles) with(were the) only source of light. so in some places, like (ancient Greek) for example the wealth(wealthiest) people have(with) poor vision could have someone else read to them.easy solution if you can afford it.another solution is(was something) we call(ed) reading stone.around 1000ce (Eoropean moke)will(would) take the(a) picese of rock ,loff(often quartz) ,(and place it on)call and top of the reading material ,the cleary(clear) rock manify(magnified) the letters,making them be(appear) largue(larger),what(looks) like (what happens when) a drop off(of) water (falls on) something,where(whatever's) below the (drop of) water (appears) largue(larger) right?well the reading stone seen(work in) the similar way,but rocks like cost(quartz,well quartz of optical qulity) of wonn't(weren't) cheap late in the 13th century glass make(maker in Ltaly came ) up with a less expensive (alternative) they make reading stone (out of) clear glass.and these clear glass reading stone envolved(into) the eyeglasses (we know)today.so we are pretty sure that the glasses
were invented in the(about) late 1200's well around(over) the(a) hunder(hundred) years before the printing press.but it is not clear who exctually(exactly) invented them first, or exactly what year,but(record show that they were) invented in (both)Europe and China at(about) the same time by the way we call this "independent discovery"

indepent(independent) discovery means when something is invented from (in different)the part of the world at the same time and this(its) not as usual(unusual) as it sound you can look at the time line (chart) (at the bake of) your text book to see when thing are(were) invented in different country(cultures) at (about) the same time just(to see) what i am talking about.

so (now) let's tide this to what i have said(before about societal attitude towards ) in glasses,in(initially) in part of Europe and in China glasses were the simple(symbol of) wisdom and talent(intelligence).this is evident(evidence) in an art work (from the period) .(Europe)painting often purchase(portrayed) doctor or judges wearing glasses, in china the glasses were very expensive so inadition(in addition to intelligence) they also simplized(symbolize affluence wealth) in 14century  (Chinese portrays)the bigger the glasses the smarter and wealthier subjest(this object) was so the glasses are(were a steady symbol) in some part of the world and now get back to the(invention of the) printing press in 1440 what happen ? suddenly the books are(become widely available) available and more people wanted to read so the need but actually (not only)need but the man(demand) for most(more) growable(affordable) glasses (rose drastically)in ventualy(Eventually) the expensive(inexpensive) glasses were verper(produce) duce and then the glasses were available to everyone people can purchase (them)easily for some trader(from a traveling peddler)


1.16
listen to the lecture about the chemistry class ,the professor have been take about the table elenemt
P : so are there any questions?
S :yes professor Harrison,you are(were) saying(that) the (periodic)table is prective(predictive) what exactly (does)that mean i i means i know(underestand) how it organize the elements but where is the predition(prediction) .
P :ok let's look up(at) our periodic table again.ok (it is a group of elements in the categories that)share (certain properties)some right?and it is ring(ranged) because according to (increasing atomic) number .which is
S :the number of portray(protons) time(in) each (atom) of element.
P :right (well) earily (version of the) periodic table had gaps,missing some elements.everytime it(you) have one more time(proton).you had another element.and there(then) ozz(oops) the(there have been atomic) number form(for) which (there's)no know element,and the um predition was (that)the element without(with that atomic number) exsisted some where but it just haven't been find(found) yet.and the(its) location in the table will(would) tell you what it will(properties that you should have) have.it was very(really pretty exciting) excited for scientists (at that time)to find the(these) mising elements (and confirm their predictive properties)their .actually that remind me another(other very) good example (of all these),element 43 see on the table the sample(symbol) 42 and 44 well in the early (version) of the table (there was no symbol )no sample (for) 43 protons because no(element with) of 43 (protons)has been discovery yet.so the periodic table had gap between element 42 and 44 and then in 1925 a team (of chemists led by scientist named IT)science claimed they had found the element 43 they had been using the(a relatively) new technology called X-ray spectroscopy and they (were) using the excement(this to examine an ore sample) all example and they claimed that they have found an element (with) 43 portons and they named it M
S :and how (come in) perodic table here element 43 is Tc that's techniqent(technetium) right?
P:ok let's me add that actually that the point (i'm coming to) harly everyone(anyone) believed this(that T's discovered the new) element .(X-ray spectroscopy wasa) new mess(method) of(at) that time and they are unable(never able) to isolate(enough M to have available) sample to convince every(everyone) discover .so they were ditratigic(discredited)(but then 12 years) later in the 1937 a different team came(become) the first (to synthesize)the element using the (cyclotron) ,and that element had...
S :43 protonts?
P :that's right the named it echtium(technetium) to emphsize(emphasize) it was(artificially) created it(with) tenology(technology) and people thought that sythsize (synthesizing these) elements (making it artificially was)is the only(way) to (get it) element what we had not found,(well we still haven't found it currently in nature)now the element 43 (would be)called M or T is radioactive why is that matter what is true the radioactive element ?
S :it decays it turns into anothere(other) element oh (so does)that explain why can was missing in periodic table?
P :exactly,because (of) the radioactive decay element 43 doesn't last very long and therefore (if that ever had been present on earth)it would be(decay) ages ago so the M people probably(obviously) wrong and the T people are right ,right?well that was then now we know that the element 43 does occure nat(occur)naturely(naturally)(it can ) be naturely(naturally generated) from U atom (that has spontaneous spilt)and guess what the all(ore) sample (that the M )group were working with had planed(plenty) of (U enough to split into measurable) amount of (M) (so T team might )very (well have found small amounts of M in the ore)sample just that one just(once was genertated) from (spilt U ) decayed very quickly and you know here's an incrideble(invredible irony) T,(lead the chemist of that) M team (and were)she the first to suggest the(that) U can break into(up) samll picence(pieces) but she didn't know that that was the deff (denfense) of the own dicovery of element 43
S :so is (my version of) the periodic table wrong?should element 43 (really be) called M?
P :maybe but it is hard to tell for sure all this time if IT group did discovery the element 43 ,they didn't publish enough details on the(their method or instruments) for us to know for sure,but i'd like to think the element 43 was discoveried(discovered) twice,as M is(it) was the first element to dicover (occurs in nature) only from (spontaneous vision) and as T it was the first element discovered in labtory(laboratory and of course) it was an element the periodic table (lead us to)expect exsisted(existed) before anyone found it or made it .

我是chineseladyUID: 2662783

听写作业更新了继续加油

fatruiUID: 2726256

11.21 TPO9 L2
litening to the part of the(a) lecture,in the(a) theart(theater) class

As we have seen , the second half of the 18th century was the(an) exciting time in European : it was not only the grate(age) of (great of invention)infention , but social changes also let(led to a rise in) all the sort of entertaiment.from reading to musicim(museums) to travle , And finding itself(himself) in the middlent(middle of this excitement was an accomplished) complish (French) painter nameed FJ.

L arrivaled in England in 1771,and he immeditely(immediately went ) to (work) as (a site designer at the famous DL) threater(theater) in London . from his first show , L showed the map of magination(a knack for imagination and stage design) they have designed . all in the (interest of creating )creative solution(illsuions) they (that) allow the authdient(audience) to suspend believe(disbelief) completely. He complished(accomplished) it(this) by (giving) the stage (a) grater(great) feeling of dead (depth)which he did (by cutting up some of the rigid)aroud the background (scenery) placing (it at various )in angles (and distances) from the another(audience), (another) realitic (realistic) touch was using three dimentional(dimensional objects) on the set like rock and bushes as (opposed) to two dementianal(dimensional) painted (scenery). he also pay(paid) much (more) attention at(to) lighting and (sound) that(than) had been down(done) before .

now this sets (were so elaborate that many people)of is now people attended the threaer(theater) more for them than for the actors or the stories . At the time people are wide(wild for) travel and (for ecperiencing) new placese but not everyone can(could) afford it L out(outdid) himself however,(with a) show that he set up in his own home he called it IF
IF means something about(like representation of nature) the in natural and it(that) exactly what he intend to do: creat realistic moving scenes (that) change before the audiences's eye in this he sythize(synthesized) all (his tricks from DL:mechanical) motions sound (light) another(other) special (effect to) creat if you will and earily(early multimedia) mouly production ,
the IF is(was) FJ want(attempt) to release painting (from the constraints of)to the picture (fram) after all even the moution(most action field) exciting painting can represnt (only) one moment or(in) time and any revoltion(illusion) of (movement)is gone after the first (glance) but LB like other (contemporary) painters wanted to add the mention(dimension) of time to his painting ,you know the popular thinking is (that) LB is(was) influenced by landscape painting but why (can't)we can say that IF actually influenced the painting(painters)?at the very least we can(have to) consider (that) it was normal(more) as the(it was more of a mutual) thing we know as an (for)example (that the important English landscape)the english(painter) T attended all most(almost all of the yearly) the perfomaces,and his later painting was(are) notable for (their increased)increasing color and light(dynamic use of light),LB influence (on the theater though), he was incrdible(incredibly) influential the way he got(brought together design) about design (and) light(lighting) and sound was(as a) unified feature (of) the stage (can esaily be seen in English theater's subsequent emphasis)on lighting and motion

know(Now) the IF stage was exactly(actually) a box:(a few meters wide), couple of (meters) tall and a couple (meters) deep that was(is the) action took place in(within) this box this is(was) much smaller (of course) than the usual stage but it also can let(allowed) LB (to) concentrate the lighting on the back(better effect) also the audience were(was) in the dark which will(wouldn't) be a (common feature of the theater until ) natural in 700 (a) hundred yeas later, the show consitient (consisted of a series of) scenes for example (a view of ) London with(from) sun rise that changes as the day moves on (mechanical)firgues such (as cattle) the move the(across the) scene and ships sailed around(along) the river but what (really) got attention(people) was the attentional(attention to) detial what(much) like is(his work in DL) the land so for expample he painted the very realimtic(realistic) ships and very(varied their) size denpending on (the ditance from the audience) small boats move more quickly on(across) the small ground(foreground) than larger one did (that was closer to the horizon )accrose the whole other effects like way(waves) were also very confession(convincing) they reflect the sun light or the moon night(light) denpend on the (time of)day or night.even the colors changeed as they would in natural sound and light are(were) important to(in) making his thing(productions) realismtic he useed the(a great) grate number of the labs(light) and he was able to change colors of the light using (various )the picese(pieces) of glass to creat the fact(effect like) that passing crowed that suddently chage in corlor

fiuther more he use it(effect) to make(pattrens of) shaddow of the()and light,(rather than) using the uniforal(uniform) lighting is(that was) common at that(the) time and many (of)sound (effect)he pianer(pioneered are) still use today like creating  thunder by sheet(pulling on) one of the (corners of a thin copper sheet) one of most popular scenes was as(of) a storm and (there is a)his story on the one occuation(occasion) an actual storm passed (over head) during the show and (some people) come(went) outside and (they claimed )said the LB  's thunder is more rea(l(was actually better) than the real thunder.

我是chineseladyUID: 2662783

今天就一个人完成听写。

cgpzmxccUID: 2360875

TPO 9 L2
Listen to a part of lecture of theater class.
As we have seen, the second half of 18th century was an exciting time in Europe, it was not only an age of great invention, but social changes also led to a rise (in all sort of entertainment), from reading, to museum, to travel. And finding himself in the middle of this excitement accomplished French painter named L. L arrived in England In 1717, and immediately worked as a (site) designer at the famous (Drury Lane) Theater in London. From his first shows, L shows (a knack) for imagination and stage design, or (all in the) interesting in (of) creating illusions that allowed audience to suspend disbelief completely. He accomplished this by giving the stage a great feeling of depth which he did by cutting up some the (rigid) background of scenery and placing it at various angles and distance from the audience. Another realistic touch was 3 dimension objects on the set, like rock and bushes as oppose to 2 dimensions painted scenery. He also paid much more attention to lighting and sound than have done before. Now, these sets were so (elaborate) that many people attended the theater more for them than for the actors or the stories. At the time, people were (wild) for travel and for experiencing new places. But not everyone could afford it. L (outdid) himself however with a show a set up in his own home, he called it E. E means something like representation of nature and (that’s) exactly what he intend to do create realistic movie scenes changes before audiences eyes. In this, he (synthesis all his trick from Drury lane), mechanical motion, sound, light, other special effects to create if you will, and early (multimedia) production. The E was L’s attempt to release painting from (the constraints of the picture frame). After all, even the most action field exciting painting can only represent only one moment a time, and any illusion of movement is gone after the first glance. But L like the other (contemporary) painters, want to add the dimension of time to his paintings. You know, the popular thinking is the L was influenced by (landscape) painting, but why we can’t say E actually influences the painters. At the very least, we have to consider it was more… it was a more (mutual) thing. We know for example, the important English landscape painter Tom attended almost all the early (yearly) performance and his later paintings are notable for their increased color and dynamic use of light. L influence (on the theater though), he was incredible influential. The way he brought together design and lighting and sound as a unified feather of the stage can easily be seen in (English theater’s subsequent emphasis on lighting and motion). Now the E stage was actually a box, a few (meters wide), a couple meters tall and a couple meters deep, that is, the action toke place in this box. This was much (smaller) of course than the usual stage, but it also allowed L to concentrate the lighting to better affect. Also, the audience was in the dark, which would not be a common feather of the theater a hundred years later. The (show) consist a series of scenes. For example, a (view) of London from sunrise that changes as the day move on. (Mechanical figures), such as cattle moved across the scene and ships sailed along the river. But what really got people was the attention to detail. Much like his work in (Drury Lane), so for example, he paint very realistic ships and vary their size depend on their distance from the audience. Small boats move more quickly across the (foreground), than larger one did (that were closer to horizon.) Other effects, like waves were also very convincing, they reflect sunlight or moonlight depend on the time of the day or night. Even the color changed, as they were (would) in nature Sun and light were important in making his production realistic. He used great number of lights, and he was able to change the color of the light by use variously colored of glass to create the effects like passing clouds that suddenly change in color. Furthermore, he used effects to make patterns of shadow and light, rather than use the uniform light that was common at that time, and many of the sun affect he (pioneered) are still in use today, like creating (thunder) by (pulling on one of the corners of a thin copper sheet). One of the most popular thing was (of a) storm. And there is a story that one occasion, an actual storm passed over head during the show and some people went outside and they claimed L thunder was better than the real thunder.

fatruiUID: 2726256

1.21 By Fatrui
TPO9L3
Listening to a lecture in an enviormental class

P : so when(since we're around the) topic (of) global climate change fast(and it is effects) ,in N(Alaska), in the north(northen Arctic) part of N(Alaska), (over the) last 30 years old(or so), tempeture(temperature) has increased (about) half of(a) degree (Celsius per decade), and scientists (have) noticed (there've been changes in surface vegetation )changing during this time ,shurb (are) increase(increasing in the tundra) .(tundra) is wet (flat) land just(with) little (vegetaion) just (a) few grow there ,because the tempeture(temperature) is very cold and (there's) not much (precipitation) and because (of) cold temperture has too (tundra has two layer) top layler which is called active layer is f(frozen) in the (winter and )spring and(but thaws in) a sort of summer.in(beneath) this active layer (is the sencond layer) called (permafrost) which is (frozen) all year around and is permitie(impermeable) to water

S : so because the (perafrost)forest,(none of) the plant(that grow there) can have deep root can they?

P : no, at(and) that (one) of the reasons (that) shrubs survive in (Arctic),shrubs are little bushes there(they're) not tall (and being low in)for the ground (protect them from)in the cold (and wind) winter and there(their) root don't grow very deep so the permif(permafrost) does not (interfere) they are(their) growth ok?now since the temperure(temperature have been) increased in (Artic Alaska) the grownth of shurb(shrubs) has increased and this is (presented to) climated sciencestis with Puzzle.

S : well,sorry,are (when) you say the growth (of shrubs) in the tree(has increased), do you mean the shurb(shrubs age) is bigger or that there are more shurbes(shrubs)?

P : good question.and the answer is both. the site(size) of the shurb has increased and shurb(shrub) cover has (spread) to 300 huandred(what was previously shrub-free tndra) ok so what is the puzzle?warm(er) tempertures should lead increased the vegetation grow right? well the connection(s) was(are) not (so) simple the temperature increase has occured in(during) the winter and spring, not during the summer.but the increasing (in) shurbs (has)occured in the summer. so how could the increasing(increase) temperture in the winter and spring shurb (result in increased)grow in summer?well this(it) may be biology(biological) processes (that) occured in the soild in winter.because(cause increased) shurb growth in the summer and here is (low).there (are) mico(microbes) micr(microscopic) organisma develop(live) in the soild this(these) miro(microbes enable) let (the) soild (to) have more nuturient(nitrogen) which is(plants need to) live and (they remain)quite ative in(during) the winter.there are two reasons for this ,first they live in active area which remember conntain(contains) water but(that does) not (penetrate the permafrost)perimen floor second most of the persibitaion(precipitation) in the (Arctic) is for the(in the form of) snow, and the snow which (blankets the) ground in the winter actually has an (insulating) effect to(on) the siold beneath it and it allows the temperture(temperature) of the soil(to remain) remind wram enough for the mico(microbes to remain) avtive so there are increasing(been increase in) nutrient production in the winter and that is(what is) the responsible of(for the) grown of the shurb in summer and they(their) spread over in the T(to new area of tundra) .area has(with) more nutrients and(are) the areas has(with) the largest nutient(increase in shrubs) shurb.

S : but what about the run-off in spring ?when the snow finally melts ,won't the nutrients get washed away?spring (thaw) always wash soil doesn't it?

P : well much of the soil  is usually (stoll frozen during peak run-off) .and the nutrients are deep down in the active layer anyway not higher(high up) in(near) the surface which is the part of the active layer most affected by run-off .but it to(as i was about to) say ,there are more a lot of(to) story the tundra (is) windy and the snow is blow(blown) across by shurb(the tundra) ,(it is caugh by shrubs) and deep (snow drift offen form around) formal shurb(shrubs) are and we also(already) mention the inslative(insulating effect) of snow so that extra warmth means even more (microbial) activities(activity) which means even more food to the(for) shurb(shrubs) which even more shurb(shrubs and) more around it is (a) circle as a loop.and because this loop which is promoted by warmer temperture in the winter and  spring well it looks like the tudan(tundra) turns(turing) to(into) the shurb(shrub) land

S : but it will be long term?i mean may be the shurb will be abandon within(for) a few year then turn(change) back to tudan
P : well shurb expantion(expansion) has occured in other enviroment like (semiarid)grass land and (tall grass prairies)period (and shrub expansion)in these enviroment dose seem to persisit.almost of the have(tp point of causing a) shift  once  is established trobule(shrub land thrives) flies particularly in the A  because A shurb(shrubs) are (good at) taking advantage of increasing(increased) nutrients in the soil better than other A plants.

感觉听写还是很困难啊 但是我一定要坚信 我能行

beverly910614UID: 2728081

FAT可以听写60S 这个太长了。

cgpzmxccUID: 2360875

赶在今天结束前交上作业，哎，tpo9听的都好搓，不知道是自己变搓了还是文章变难了。。
tpo9 lecture3
Listen to a part of lecture in an environment science class.
So since (we are) around the topic of global climate change and its effects. In (Alaska), in the northern Arctic part of Alaska, over the last 30 years or so, temperature has increased half a degree (Celsius) per decade, and scientist (have) noticed there have been changes in surface vegetation during this time. Shrubs are increasing in the tundra. Tundra is (flat land) with very little vegetation, just few species of plant grow there, because the temperature is very cold and there’s not much precipitation. And because the cold temperature, tundra has two layers: top layer, which is called the active layer, it’s frozen in the winter and spring but (thaws) in the summer. Beneath the top layer is the second layer called (permafrost), which is frozen all year around and is (impermeable) to water.
So because the permafrost, none of the plants that grow there can have deep root, can they?
No, that’s (one of) the reason why shrubs survive in the Arctic. Shrubs are little bushes, they are not tall and lowed (being low) in ground protect them from the cold wind and their roots don’t grow very deep. So the permafrost does not (interfere with) their growth. OK? Since the temperature is increasing in Arctic Alaska, the growth of shrubs has increased. And its (presented to) climate scientist with a puzzle.
I am sorry, when you say the growth of shrubs increased, do you mean the shrubs are bigger or there are more shrubs.
Good question. And the answer is both. The size of shrubs has increased and shrubs cover has spread to what was previous (shrub-free) tundra. So, what’s the puzzle? Warmer temperature should lead to increase vegetation growth, right? Well, the connection is not so simple, the temperature increased during the winter and spring, not during the summer. But the increase shrub has occurred in the summer. So how can increase temperature in the winter and spring (result in) increased shrub growths in the summer. Well, it may be biology process that occur in the soil in the winter (that) cause increase shrub growth in the summer and (there’s how). There are microbes, microscopic organisms that live in the soil. These microbes enable the soil to have more nitrogen, which plants need to live and they remain quite active in the winter, there are two reasons for this. First, they live in active layer, which, remember, contains water that does not (penetrate the permafrost). Second, most of the precipitation in the Arctic is (the form) of snow and snow which (blankets) the ground in the winter actually has an (insulating) effect on the soil beneath it and it allows the temperature of the soil to warm enough for microbes to remain active. So there is increasing production in the winter and that is the responsible for the growths of shrubs in the summer and their spread to new areas of the tundra, areas with more nutrients are the areas with the largest increasing shrubs.
But, what are (about run-off) in the spring. When the snow final melts? Won’t nutrients rush away, spring (thaw) always run away soil, doesn’t it?
Well, much of the soil is still usually frozen during (peak run-off). And nutrients are deep down in the active layer anyway, not high (up) near the surface which is the part of active layer most affected by run-off. But, as I was about to say, there are more than (to the) story. The tundra is windy and the snow is blowing (blown) across the tundra, it’s caught by shrubs. And deep snow (drifts) often form around shrubs. And we’ve already mention the (insulating) effect of snow, so that actual (extra) warms means even more microbe activity which means even more food for the shrubs, which means even more shrubs and more snow around the shrubs (ect). It’s a circle, a loop. And because of this loop, which is promoted by warmer temperature in the winter and spring, well, it looks like the tundra may be turn into shrub land.
But will be a long term? I mean may be the shrub will be (abundant) for a few years, and then it will turn back to tundra.
Well, shrub expansion has occurred in other environments, like (semiarid grassland), and (tall grass prairies). And shrub expansion in these environment does (seem) to persist. Almost (to the point of causing) a shift. One it established, shrubs can (land) shrives, particular in the Arctic. Because arctic shrubs are good (at) taking advantage of increasing the nutrient of soil better than other arctic plants.

fatruiUID: 2726256

TPO9
C2
listen to a conversation between a student and librarian empolyee
S:excuse me, can you help me with something
L:i will do my best , what do you need?
S:well i(i've) received a letter in my mail box saying (that) i(i'm) suppose to return a book that i checked(out) backing(back in) journal(january) um it is called modern social problems but because i am writting about(my) senior(thesis)  (i'm)suppose to be (able) to keep the book all semester
L:so you signed up for (extended) the borrowing proviligy(privileges)
S:yeah
L:but we are still asking you (to) bring the book back?
S:Um-Ha
L:well let me take a look and see what the compter says the title was morden social problem
S:Yes.
L:Ok um Oh i see it has(it's) been recorded(recalled) you can get(keep) it all semester as long as  no one else request it but someone else has it looks like one of the professor in (the)sociology department requested it so you have to bring it back even through(though) you have got (extended) borrowing proviligy(privileges) you can check out the book again when the book(it's) return in a couple of weeks
S:But i really need this book right now
L:do you need all of it or there's(is there a) center(certain) section of chapter you (are working with)
S:I guess just(there is ) one particular chapter i have been using rapily(lately) for  the(a) section of my (thesis) why?
L:Well you can photocopy (up) to one chapter of the book ,why don't you do the (that for the)chapter you (are) working on right now?and by the time you need the rest of the book may be it will be returned we can even do the photocopy for you because the circonstance(circumstances)
S:Oh, Well that will(would) be great
L:I see you (you've) got some books there ,is that the one you (were) asked to return?
S:Um no i left in my dorroom (dorm room) this(these are) books i need to check out today is it ok (if) i bring that one back after(by in) a couple of days
L:Actually you need to return it today then (is) if you want to check out those books today that's (our) policy
S:Oh i didm't know that
L:yeah not a lot of people realize that in fact every semester we get a few studnets (who) have (their) borrow proviligy(priviligies suspended) just spend it completely because they haven't return books they are allowed only(to) use book (only) in the library they are not allowed to check anything out because they didn't return(unreturned) books
S:That's not good i guess i should get back the book(on to the dorm) right now then
L:but before you go what you should do is fill up(out a) form requesting the book return(back in) two weeks you don't want to waste any time get(getting) it back
S:thanks a lot ,now i (don't) feel quite better(so bad having to return) for returing the book

cgpzmxccUID: 2360875

tpo9 c2
S: Excuse me, can you help me with something?
L: I’ll do my best. What do you need?
S: Well, I received in letter in my mailbox and I’m supposed to return the book that I check (out) back generally (in January). It is called modern social problems. But because I’m writing my senor thesis, I am supposed to keep the book all semester.
L: So you signed up for extended borrowing privileges?
S: Yeah.
L: But we are still asking you to bring the book back. Let me take a look and see what the computer says. The title is modern social problems. OK, Oh, I see. It is been recalled. You can keep (it) all semester as long as no one requests it. But someone now has, it looks like one professor in the sociology department requests it. So have to return (bring) it back even though you got extended borrowing privileges. You can check out the books again when it is returned in a couple of weeks.
S: But I really need this book right now.
L: Do you need all of it, or there is a center section or chapter you are working with?
S: I guess there is one particular chapter using lately for a section of my thesis. Why?
L: Well, you can photocopy (up to) one chapter of the book. Why do not you do that for the chapter working (on) right now? And by the time you need the rest of the book, may it has (will have) been returned. We can even you do the photocopy for you because of the circumstances.
S: Oh, well, that will be great.
L: I see there (you have) got some books there, is that the one you asked to return.
S: Oh, no, I left it in my dorm room. There are books I need to check out today. Is it OK if I bring the one back in one or a couple of day.
L: Actually, you need to return it today. That is if you want to check out those books today. That is the policy.
S: Oh, I did not know that.
L: Yeah, not a lot of people realize that, in fact, every semester, we get a few students, who have their borrowing privileges suspend completely because they have not return books. They are (allowed to) use books only in the library. They are not allowed to check anything out because of unreturned books.
S: That’s not good. I guess I should (hand back) to the dorm right now.
L: But, before you go, what you should do is fill out the form requesting the book back in two weeks. You do not want any time getting it back.
S: Thanks a lot. Now I don’t feel quite so bad about having to return the book.

fatruiUID: 2726256

L2
listen to part of a letcure in a geology class

P:So conriue(coutining) our dicssusion of desert lakes,now i want to focuse(focus) on what's konw is(as) the empty cater(quarter). the empty corter(quarter) is a huge area (of)sand covers about the cote(a quarter of the Arabian Peninsula) about ,today it is pretty desert(desolate) barren and extremely hot but there have been times in the past when moist and(monsoon) rain so(soaked) the empty (quarter)and turned it from a desert into grassland that (was dotted) with lakes and home (to various) animals.there(were) actually two periods of rain lake formation .the first one begin(began about) in 35,000yeas ago and the second one dates about 10,000 years ago

S:excuse me professor,but i am confused why would lakes form in the desert?it just sand after all

P: good question ,we know from momther(modern day) lake desert lake like lake area(Eyre) south of Austrian(Australia) but(that) under the right condtions lakes do form in the desert but the empty cter(quarter) lake disappeared thousands of years ago they left(left) there(their) beds or basins as limestome formations that we can stll see today they look like low line(low-lying) or built(white or grey builds) long narrow huge(hill) and(with) flat tops very(barely a meter) high a recent study of some of the formations presents (some) new theroy(theories) about the(area's) past keep in mind though (that) this study only (looked at) 19 formations and about a thound(thousand have been) of doucumented(documented) so there are(there's a) lot more works to be done

according to the study two factors were impotant for lake formation in the empty cter(quarter) first the rains (that) fell there (were torrential) so it would('ve been) possibe for all the water go(soak) into the ground ,second as you konw sand dunes contain another(other) types of particles size(beside) sand including shell(clay and silt) and sand ,now when the rain fell water went(ran) down the site(sides) of the dunes carry(carring clay and silt ) so particles with it,and whenever these particles settled they form the pand(a pan) a layer that water cannot pemmetry(couldn't penetrate) once the(this) plain formed futher run-off colected and form a lake

now the older lakes about the half the formations the onece(ones) statred forning in the 35,000 years ago the limestone formation we see there(they're) up to a kilometre long but only a few meters wide and it(they're scattered along the desert ) the floor and vaule(in valley) between the dunes so the series(theory) is the lake form there on(along) the desert floor in this(these) long (narrow valleys)vaired and we know because the(of) what we know about the similar (ancient) desert lakes we know that the lakes didn't last very long.fomed a few months to a few years on average as for the more recent lakes once(ones) formed in(from) 10,000 yeas ago well they seen(seemed) to (have been)be smaller and so may (have dried) dry up more quickly another different very important today for (distinguishing)the between (older) lake beds and new(newer) ones is the location of the limestone formation the more reason(recent) beds are higher(high up) than (in) the dune .why this(these) differents(differences) well there might(are) some ideas about that and they have to do with the shade(shapes) of the sand dunes when the lakes was(were) formed . 37,000 yeas ago the dunes probably nice(nicely) arround(round at the top) the so the water just  (ran) right down there sides to the desert formed(floor) but there are(were) thoundsand(thousands of yeas) of wind between the (two) rainly periods we shappy(reshaping) the dunes so during the second rainly(rainy) period the dunes was(were kind) of the top(chopped up at the top ) and this(full of hollows) hollow (and ridges)(and these hollows would've captured)we recatch the wind(rain) right there on the top
now if(in) the grassland (of Lake Ecosystem) were lake ecosisiten we'd expect to find the(fossils from a variety) of animals and newer(numermous) fossils have been found at least  (these) the paticular site but where (did) these animals come from the theory has been suggested is (that they migrate )there in (from neatby)the habitats where they (were) already living then as the lake dry(dried) up they died out the study maks up a(couple) interesting points of(abot) the fossile which i hope will be use(looked at) in future study(studies) at older lake site there are(their) fossils remains (from hippopotamuses) water buffle(buffalo) animals are(that) spend much (of) their lives (standing) in water and also fossils of cattle however at the sites (of the)more recent(lakes) there're only cattle fossils additional (evidence) for the geology(geologists that) these lake maybe(were probably) smaller shallwer(shallower) because cattle only use water for drinking so the(they) survive on much less intrestingly there are (clams) and (snail)shells but no fossils of fish we are not sure why maybe there is problem with water maybe it was to sailten(salty) tha'st surely(certainly ture of ) about others desert lakes

小狒狒UID: 2739243

今天没人做听写吧

cgpzmxccUID: 2360875

tpo 9 l3
Listen to a part of lecture in geology class.
So, continue we are (continuing our) discussing the desert lakes. Now I want to focus on what’s known as the Empty Quarter. The Empty Quarter is a huge area of sand that covers about a quarter of (Arabian Peninsula). Today, it is pretty desert (desolate), barren and extremely hot. But there’ve been times in the past when (monsoon) rains (soaked) in Empty Quarter and turn it from a desert into a grass land that was (dotted with) lakes and home two (various) animals. There were actually two periods of rains and lake formation. The first one began about 37,000 years ago, and the second one dates about 10,000 years ago.
Excuse me, professor. But I am confused, why would the lake form the desert, it is just sand after all.
Good question. We know from modern (day) desert lakes like (Lake Eyre) South Australia, that under the right conditions, lakes do form desert. But the Empty Quarter lakes disappear thousands of years ago. They live (left) behind their beds or (basins) as limestone formations that we still can see today. They look like low (lying) white or grey builds, long narrow hills from (with flat) tops, (barely) a meter high. A recent study of some of the formations presents some new theories about the area’s past. Keep in mind though that these studies only looked at 19 formations. And about a thousand (have been) documented. So there is (a lot more work) to be done. According to the study, two factors were important for lake formation in Empty Quarter. First, the rains fell there were (torrential). So it would (have been) impossible for all the water (to soak into) the ground. Second, as you know, sand dune contains other types of particles (beside) the sand including (clay) and silt. Now, when the rain fell, water ran down the sides of the dunes, carrying clay and silt particle with it. And where these particles settled, they formed the pan. A layer water cannot penetrate. Once the pan formed, (further run-off collected) and formed a lake. Now, the older lakes about half formations, the one (started) forming 37,000 years ago, (the) limestone formations we see, they are up to a kilometer long, but only a few meters wide, and they are (scattered along the desert floor) in valleys between the dunes. So the theory is the lake formed here, in the desert floor, in these long narrow (valleys). And we know, because we know similar ancient desert lakes. We know that these lakes does not last very long, from a few month to a few years average. As for more recent lakes, the one from 10,000 years ago, they seemed to be smaller, so may (have) dried up quickly. Another difference, very different today for distinguish between old lake beds and new (newer) ones, is the location of limestone formations. The more recent beds are higher (high up) in the dunes. Why these difference? Well, there are some ideas about that? They have to do with the shapes of the sand dune when lakes were formed. 37,000 years ago, the dunes were probably nicely round at the top. So the water just ran down their sides to the desert floor. But there were thousands of years of wind between the (two rainy periods) reshaping the dunes. So during the second rainy period, the dunes are a kind of (chopped up at the top full of hollows and ridges). And these hollows would have capture the rains right there on the top. Now, in grass land of (Lake) Ecosystem. We except to find (fossils) from a variety of animals. And numerous fossils have been found at least at these particular sides. But where these animals come from? Well, the theory that has been suggested is that they migrate from nearby habitats where they were already leaving (living). Then is (as) the lake dry up, they died out. The study makes a couple of interesting point about fossils, which I hope will be look at in future studies. At older lake sties, their fossils remains from (hippopotamuses, water buffalo) animals spending much of their lives standing in water and also fossils in the (of) cattle. However, at the sites of lake recently, there are only cattle fossils. Addition evidence for geologists that these lakes were probably smaller, shallower, because cattle only use water to drinking, so they survive much less. Interestingly, there are (clams and snails shells); but no fossil of fish. We are not sure why. Maybe there is a problem with the water. Maybe was too salty. That is certainly true of these (other) desert lakes.

fatruiUID: 2726256

TPO 9
L3
listen to part of a lecture in a linguis(linguistics)  class the professor has been discusing animal comunication systems

P: ok so last time we cover(ed)  the depth(dance)  the hony(honey)  bees (due) to indicate where food can be found and the calls and songs (of) different types of birds.today i'd like to look at (some) comunication system found in animal(mammals) particular(particulary) in primates such as (orangutans chimpanzees gorillas)rct yes Thomas
S: an excuse me professor but when you talk about g(gorilla) language do you mean like (those experiment where)expence the humans talk(taught) to their site(them sign) language or a language like ah?
P: ok ok...wait just a minute now who in this class heard me use the word "language"
no one i hope what me(we're) talking (about) here are systems of comunication all right?
S: oh sorry comunication right.but would(could) you make(maybe) me like cvifie(clarify with) the differences?

P: of course that's a fair question ok well to start with let make it clear that mine language is a type of comunication not the another(the other) way around ok so all the comunications systems language includeed have certain features are(in) common for example the signals used to comunicate from the bee's (dance) movement to the word sentence finding(found) in human language all the(these) signals convert(convey) meaning and all comunicationw systems sever(serve) a purpose a primaty(pragmatic) fuction (of some sort)source warning (of danger)dangerous they have(perhaps) or offering other meaning(needed) information but there are several features you (peculiar to) human language (that) have for the most part never been found in the comunication system of any other spieneces(species) for one thing learn ability animal have insting(instinctive) distingulish comunication systems when a dog a pubyy(puppy gets to certain age) it is able bark ,it barks without learning(having to learn) how (from other)dog it just barks but much of the human language must(has) to be learn from another humans what else make human language unique what makes it different from animal comunication D?

S:er how about grammer(grammar) ,like having words(verbs) nouns additve(adjectives)?

P:ok that's another feature (and it's a)good example

S:i mean i mention this because(cause) like in my biology class last year i kind of remember talking about the(a) study of Pdog where i think the reserchers claimed that warning  (cries of) Pdog use(constitute) language because they have (this) different parts of speech you now like nouns to name (the type of) predator they barked(spotted adjectives to ) and adj to describe size shape word(verbs) but now i seem like...

P:all right hold on a moment i am familer(familiar with the) study you're talking about  and for those of you (who) don't know Pdogs are not actually dogs,they are type of rodient(rodent) who bron(burrow) in the ground and the grassland of the west of UniteState in Mexcico in this study the researcher looked at the high peach(high-pitched) barks a Pd makes of(when it spots) predator and from this make they(some) pretty well they make(made) some claim about this(these) calls colifile(qualifying) as an actual language with the(its) primitive gramer(grammar) but actually this(these) warning calls (are) no different (from) those found (among ertain)types of monkeys and well let's (not even get )into the question where(whether) the conceps let(like) noun and verb can be meaningfully by(applied to) animal  comunication.another thing that distinguishes a real language is a porperty  we called "discreatnes(discreteness)" in other words messages are built up (out of)others smaller parts sentence and words (word out of individual) sound now make be you could say (that) Pdog's message is built from smaller parts like several(say for example) out Pdog (spot a)predater a big K approaching (rapidly),so the Pdog makes a call (that)means K then one (that)means large another one (to) indicate (its) speed but you really suppose make any difference (what) order this(these) call coming(come in)?not but they(the) di(discrete units) uniqe (that)make up language can be put together in different ways.those smaller parts can be use to form (an infinite) number of message including (message that are completely novel)the language is pretty that (have)never been express before for example :we can (differentiate between)mean a large K moves fast .and say move the K fast or move ,fast K and i truely doubt (whether) anyone (has ever uttered either or these sentence brfore)ider the sence before .huaman language are productive and open-ended  comunication system were(whereas) no other comunication system have these(has this) propertive(property) and  another feature of language does not (displayed by any)forme(of ) in another animal comunication is what we call displacement that is lanuage is abstract enough (that) you can talk about thing (that aren't present here and now)other person know things like my friedn J is not in the room or it will probably rain next day Pd maybe can(able to) tell you about the hork(hawl at circling over head right now) certainly but they never show (any inclination to)describe what(the one) they saw last week