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读后感 1.
不论是issue还是argument,重要的是你的分析能力,你的思维是否逻辑严密,以及你是否流畅的将你的思考和推理过程呈现出来,让人信服,至于形式、例子和段落都不拘一格,完全为论证服务。所以应该在分析问题上狠下功夫,千万不可轻视写作文前思考的过程,不可寄希望于边写边想;
2.
整个作文部分的评分看重几个方面:(1)是否有自己的见解,能够深刻的分析一个复杂的问题;(2)是否能够用有力的论据支持论点;(3)重点要突出,结构要清晰;(4)选词适当,句型不能单调。因此,在思考和作文时一定注意这几个方面,前两个方面是文章的内涵,后两方面是文章的外显。前两方面要求作文前全面思考,在行文时谨记后两方面的要求;
3.
关于issue,introduction中指出写作的视角很广,这样不至于我们都无话可说,例如:
• agree absolutely with the claim, disagree completely, or agree with some parts and not others • question the assumptions the statement seems to be making • qualify any of its terms, especially if the way you define or apply a term is important to developing your perspective on the issue • point out why the claim is valid in some situations but not in others • evaluate points of view that contrast with your own perspective • develop your position with reasons that are supported by several relevant examples or by a single extended example 无论准备issue还是argument,看到题目后先给自己提几个问题,比如issue: • What, precisely, is the central issue? • Do I agree with all or with any part of the claim? Why or why not? • Does the claim make certain assumptions? If so, are they reasonable? • Is the claim valid only under certain conditions? If so, what are they? • Do I need to explain how I interpret certain terms or concepts used in the claim? • If I take a certain position on the issue, what reasons support my position? • What examples—either real or hypothetical—could I use to illustrate those reasons and advance my point of view? Which examples are most compelling? 4.
Argument也有许多值得注意的地方,introduction中给出了很好的建议。看到argument要注意: • what is offered as evidence, support, or proof • what is explicitly stated, claimed, or concluded • what is assumed or supposed, perhaps without justification or proof • what is not stated, but necessarily follows from what is stated 可以按照一般论证的这几个方面来思考: • alternative explanation • analysis • argument • assumption • conclusion • counterexample 准备时要注意: • carefully read the argument—you might want to read it over more than once • identify as many of its claims, conclusions, and underlying assumptions as possible • think of as many alternative explanations and counterexamples as you can • think of what additional evidence might weaken or lend support to the claims • ask yourself what changes in the argument would make the reasoning more sound 5.
另外,ETS很忌恨抄袭,不要用原句。观点嘛,应该可以,不过我们还是之前对每道题目都心里有点谱儿吧~~ 6.
Introduction中反复强调complexity of ideas,可见很重要。拿到一个issue先从不同的角度想一想,思路打开。 7.
还有,每一个新的观点注意另起一段,这样结构比较明晰。例文中有一个就是一整段,看起来很费劲,影响分数。拿到issue,多问自己几个为什么。低分作文的重要不足就是inadequately support your position和illogical reasoning; 8.
关于argument,我觉得可以试着从author的结论往回推,自己以最严格的推理标准,这样可能会看到author推理中的漏洞;另外,不需要用什么专业术语指出其推理的不足,能用简单话说清楚就行。个人认为,alternative explanation;assumption还有counterexample是argument的一般击破点。Introduction中对数据的诠释也很有用。Argument一定要指出原文的问题,要旗帜鲜明。 9.
6分作文结构都很清晰,一段一个观点。5分作文有时候就做不到这一点了。Transition word在introduction也经常提到,要注意。还有一定要重点突出,别跑偏了,因为时间有限~~总而言之,就看两方面:分析&表达 |