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hardtripUID：2765231

6.30

This is Scientific American’s 60-Second Science. I’m Karen Hopkin. This will just take a minute.

Those of you following the World Cup know that at this stage---there can be no more draws. Ties are broken during overtime play, or in a penalty kick shootout in which a goalkeeper’s ability to anticipate the ball’s flight can mean the difference between victory and elimination.

Now scientists at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have discovered how a kicker’s body can betray whether he's aiming left or right. In a penalty shot, it’s kicker versus goalkeeper. And with the shooter standing just 12 yards from the goal, that ball can touch net in about a half second. That’s faster than a kicker can launch himself from the goal center to either post, which means that goalkeeper has to start moving before the kicker’s foot meets the ball. And he has to guess correctly which way to dive. To figure out how good goalies might up their odds. Scientists attached motion detectors to college-level penalty kickers. And they found a handful of indicators that reliably to predict kick direction such as the angle of the kicker’s hips and how he plants his supporting foot. Good goalies may be able to read those subtle cues meaning that they use their hands and their heads.

Thanks for the minute for the Scientific American’s 60-Second Science. I’m Karen Hopkin.

落落尘烟UID：2276569

Those who are->of you following the world cup know that in ->at this stage, there can be no more draws…. Ties are broken during overtime play or in a penalty kick (shout out) in which the goal keepers’ ability to anticipate the (ball’s) flight can mean the difference between victory and elimination. Now scientists in (Renselarer RPI没听出来=。=) Polytechnic Institute have discovered how a kicker’s body can betray whether he is aiming left or right. In a penalty shot, it is kicker versus goal keeper. And when the shooter standing just 12 yards from the goal the ball can touch the net in about half a second. That is faster than the goal keeper watch ->launch himself from the goal center to either post, which means that the goal keeper (has to start) moving before the kicker’s foot meets the ball. … and it is asked (he has to) to guess correctly which way to dive. To figure out how good （goalies might up their odds）, scientists attach motion detectors to college-level penalty kickers. And they found a handful of indicators that reliably predict kick direction, such as the angle of kickers’ heaps, and how he plans->plants supporting foot. Good goalees->goalies may be able to read these subtle cues, meaning they are using their hands and heads.

goalie
shootout

tracywlzUID：2522388

7.1

[谢谢水水，但是不小心发重复啦=。= MUA~——Stefana]

落落尘烟UID：2276569

7.1

落落尘烟UID：2276569

it is a prob line with even an action film->it is a plotline worthy of an action film, galaxis violently torn apart, smeshing->smashing into one other, leaving remnants of themselves behind billions of years later. That's the sceen that accounts for some of the oldest stars in our own milky way galaxy, according to the word->work published in the journal monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Researchers run a hudge computer simulation of the evolution of the universe starting shortly after the big bang more than 13 billion years ago. It is the most detailed model ever produced and allowed a close examination of the make up of the milky way stellar halo. The stellar halo is debris that around->surround our familiar white swallow->swirl stars. The halo is much larger and much older than the milky way itself.

And the simulation show that the ancient stars in the halo were formed from young small galaxis that colided and left behind the fregment of themselves, as opposit to those stars actually been born in the milky way when it started forming 10 billion years ago. Researchers say that the sceen depicts the dramatic and violent clashes that were taking place long long ago and in the galaxy not far away.

一木菩提UID：2390164

一木菩提UID：2390164

Over the years people have put forth a lotof theories to explain why intelligence differs from person to person, and evenaround the world. Health wealth, schooling, nutrition, even climate have allcome up. Now researchers in University of New Mexico suggested->suggest thatparasites might play a role. They find that the prevelance of infectiousdiseases can be a powerful predictor of regional smarts. Their work appears inthe proceedings of the Royal Society.

It takes a lot of energy to build andoperate a human brain. This need your->needy organ commends 87% of thebodies’ metabolic budget in infants, 25% in adults. So things hamper->thatsap our engergy are likely to hinder our intellectual growth. That’s why mal-nurishiment is not good for the mind.

But what about parasites? Fighting offnested->nasty bugs can take a lot engergy->out of you. So scientists are->gotto wondering whether excessive infection might correlate impaired cognitivedevelopment. Looking at IQs from around the world, they found that high levelsof infectious diseases go hand in hand with lower average national intellegence.

Although the authors have not demonstrated a causal effect->cause-and-effect, it is a nice thing that taking parasites off could bring upour IQs.

winterlwoodUID：2844117

哇。。。都是牛人哈。。

一木菩提UID：2390164

继续代小乔发今天的:

落落尘烟UID：2276569

Sometimes it seems only so much we can learn from dianosours. We can’t know their coloration look like. We can’t watch them attract->interact with each other. We can only extrapolate from their remains. But now scientists say we can discern a hint of dinorsaur movement from ostriches, the giant fliless birds still have feathered forlimbs that scientists assumed when naso->were now solely used for display and temperature regulations. But researchers fro Germany and Belgium carefully observed hundreds of ostriches and modeled their movement and surrounding air streams. They found that far from being useless in movement, the left-over wings help ostriches break quickly, turn and zig-zag. The scientists presented their findings in the society for experimental biologies annual conference at proc->Prague.
Ostriches are descendants of dinosaurs, and scientists like in ostraches’ movement to bypedal->bipedal dinasours. Pelentologist->Paleontologists (古生物学家) have previously thought that some dinorsaurs’ small forelimbs had served to catch insects or red flush->rib flush. But this new research shows that dinarsours may have used their fore lems to help with quickness, stability and agility. For their->Further study in this field could lead to more accurate ideas of what once looked like when diasours were->went dashing through their prehistoric lanscape.

hardtripUID：2765231

7.2

Sometimes it seems there's only so much we can learn about dinosaurs. We can’t know their coloration looked like; we can’t watch them interact with each other. We can only extrapolate from their remains. But now scientists say we can discern a hint of dinosaur movement from ostriches. The giant flightless birds still have featured-forelimbs that scientists assumed were now solely used for display and temperature regulation. But researchers from Germany and Belgium carefully observed hand-raised ostriches and modeled their movement and surrounding air streams. They found that far from being useless movement, the leftover wings help ostriches break quickly, turn and zigzag. The scientists presented their findings at the Society for Experimental Biology’s Annual Conference in Prague. Ostriches are descendants of dinosaurs and researchers liken ostrich movement to those of biped dinosaurs. Paleontologists have previously thought that some dinos’ small forelimbs had served to catch insect or rip flesh.
But this new research shows dinosaurs may have used their forelimbs to help with quickness, stability and agility. Further study in this field could lead to more accurate ideas of what it once looked like when dinosaurs went dashing through their prehistoric landscape.

hardtripUID：2765231

补作业 文件名为6.30的

It’s a plotline worthy an action film. Galaxies violently torn part smashing into one another, leaving remnants of themselves behind billions of years later.
That’s the scene that accounts for some of the older stars in our own Milky Way Galaxy, according to work published in a journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Real Astronomical Society.

Researchers ran a huge computer simulation of the evolution of the universe starting shortly after the Big Bang more than thirteen billion years ago. It’s the most detailed model ever produced and allowed a close examination of the makeup of the Milky Way‘s stellar halo. The stellar halo is the debris that around our familiar white swirl of stars. The halo was much larger and much older than the Milky Way itself. And the simulations showed that the ancient stars in the halo were formed from young small galaxies that collided and left behind fragments of themselves. As opposed to those stars actually being born in Milky Way when it started forming 10 billion years ago.
The researchers say the scene depicts the dramatic and violent clashes that were taking place long long ago, in a galaxy and not very far away.

hardtripUID：2765231

补作业 文件名为7.1

Over the years, people have put forth a lot of theories to explain why intelligence differs from person to person, and even around the world. Health, wealth, schooling, nutrition, even climate have all come up. Now researchers at University of New Mexico suggest that parasites may play a role. They find the prevalence of infectious diseases can be a powerful predictor of regional smarts. Their work appears in the Proceedings of the Royal Society.

It takes a lot of energy to build and operate a （听着像upgrade）human brain. This needy organ commands 87 percent of the body’s metabolic budget in infants, and about 25 percent in adults. So things that sap our energy are likely to hinder our intellectual growth. That’s why malnourishment is not good for the mind. But what about parasites? Fighting off nesty bugs can take a lot of out of you. So the scientists got to wondering whether excessive infections might correlate with impaired cognitive development. Looking at IQs around the world, they found that high levels of infectious disease go hand in hand with lower average national intelligence. Although the authors have not demonstrated the cause and effect, it’s nice to think that taking down parasites could bring up our IQs.

StefanaUID：2143510