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TOPIC: ISSUE48 - "The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."
WORDS: 702 TIME: 00:44:08 DATE: 2010-08-05 15:15:33
The workers building the Great wall in ancient China, the Europeans breaking loose from the rein of religion and starting to explore the human nature inward in the Renaissance, the black people struggling for racial justice through nonviolent way in the American civil rights movement......We don't know their names, but we will never forget them. The groups of people and the famous few, both play the leading role on the stage of history, working together to push the history rolling forward.
Admittedly, only the famous few are known to the public, while it is the intrinsic character of history rather than the historians to blame for it. Take our daily life for an example. Numerous things take place here and there every minute, it is neither possible nor necessary for us to remember them all. And so it is with history, we could only expect it to record the most widespread social phenomenon, the most intense contradiction, the most significant events, and, the most outstanding person. Let see the example of the Invasion of Normandy, the hitherto largest amphibious warfare, involving nearly 3000000 soldiers marching across the English Channel to the French province Normandy. How could we write down the 3000000 people all in history books? Even if so, the work to study them will certainly cost a great deal of effort. Consequently, we have no idea about their duties and their attitude towards the campaign, and we even don't know their names! Obviously, compared with the study of the famous few, the study of the groups of people appears much more difficult.
Nevertheless, the history never tends to forget the groups of people. Despite of the difficulties, there still exist many historians such as ones studied preindustrial Europe, tried to speak for them. In the early 1950s, the historians started focus on the more population rather than the famous few who till now filled the history books, even though few records could be provided. In fact, the groups of people, is recorded and studied as a whole, whose effort would never be ignored. If it is not the brave soldiers, the Invasion of Normand would have failed to be the turning point of the World War II. If it is not the skilled craftsmen of Tang Dynasty in ancient China, there would have not appeared the delicate tri-color glazed pottery and the silk clothes which are popular from that time till now. And if it is not the groups of people, the miracle Great Wall, the glorious Renaissance, the significant American civil rights movement, could only be our imagination.
Just as the groups of people, the famous few also play an important role. Recently, some historian argued against the great man theory. They insist that compare with the famous few, other factors such as economy and technology are just as or more essential in creating the history. While in the significant events and trends in history, just like the captain of a basketball team, the principal of a school and the leader of a nation, there should always be some crucial individuals representing the masses, influence and even guide the development of the events and trends. Still take the example of the Invasion of Normandy, if it is not the supreme commanders such as Dwight Eisenhower deciding the place to land, planning the attack routine and preparing the supplies, the campaign could definitely failed.
While things become ambiguous when we try to weigh between the groups of people and the famous few. Who contribute more in the Invasion of Normandy, the commanders of the soldiers? 1000 people may have 1000 views, just like the different opinions held towards the great man theory. Beside, history include various factors interwoven together, it is hard for us to rule out all the other elements and to focus on the only one aspects. Anyway, both the groups of people and the famous few are indispensable.
There is no substitute for the groups of people in history, whose name is fading in the time passing away, let alone the famous few and not one side is weight out of the other. It is rightly because both of them that there in history come out the Great Wall, the Renaissance and the American civil war. |
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